Maintenance Restart

?
View mindmap
  • Maintenance of Relationships
    • Social Exchange Theory (Thibaut + Kelley)
      • A01
        • We form a relationship if its rewarding, we attempt to maximise our rewards and minimise the costs. A successful relationship is one where the rewards outweigh the cost (Rewards - Costs = Outcome)
        • To judge how one partner compares to another we use a comparison level which is a standard where all relationships are compared.
          • The comparison level is based on memories of past experiences combined with expectations of what we want and expect in the future.
        • When we meet a new partner, they are compared with the comparison level and if the profits of the new relationship are thought to exceed the costs then we form a relationship.
        • CL ALT is where the potential rewards of the new partner are checked.
      • A02
        • Resbult + Martz
          • Used the profit + loss concept to explain unrewarding relationships. If the investments are high such as children then it is still seen as a profitable situation thus, the woman stays with the man.
        • Social Exchange theory doesn't explain why people leave relationships despite having no alternatives.
        • Argle + Duck
          • Found that the theory assumes people spend considerable time monitoring their relationship. They found that people only spend considerable time considering alternatives when they are dissatisfied with their own.
        • SET is reductionist as it breaks down complex relationships into a number of basic social interactions that are focused on the selfish rewards of a single individual.
          • The suggests that the theory is oversimplified in its explanations of the formation / maintenance of relationships.
    • Equity Theory (Walster)
      • A01
        • An extension of the social exchange theory, states why people strive to achieve fairness in their relationships and people become distressed if they don't. If you give a great deal but receive a little, then this results in inequity therefore dissatisfaction
        • Equity is balance and stability
        • If there is inequity, we are motivated to restore it which can be done by changing how much we put into a relationship and how much we demand. Using our CL, we may assess whether it is worth continuing the current relationship.
      • A02
        • Van Ypeern + Buunk
          • Longitudinal study using 259 couples (86% married) and found 65% said there was equity, 25% of men over-benefited and 25% of women felt under-benefited. One year later, they were asked about satisfaction and group one were most satisfied and group two were least.
        • Clark + Mills
          • Suggested relationships are not based on economics, there is a difference between exchange and communal. Exchange relationships are with colleagues and communal relationships are with loved ones and are about responding to needs.
        • Moghaddam
          • Stated that economic theories only explain high mobility in western cultures not low mobility such as collectivist cultures.
        • Most research into both theories have been done using students so it is hard to generalise.

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Psychology resources:

See all Psychology resources »See all Relationships resources »