Magna carta
- Created by: maisieridpath
- Created on: 08-04-19 17:56
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- Magna Carta 1215
- Causes
- John had a lot to live up to
- Divine right
- Father succesful
- Feudal system
- There was a Great council but he didn't have to listen
- Expected to be a good soldier and gain support from barons
- John had a disagreement with the pope
- John refused to accept langdon as archbishop of canterbury (advises king) - felt he was too loyal to the pope
- Pope banned church services in England and marriages and funerals - people were scared they'd go to hell if they didn't attend
- Scutage
- John nicknames like "soft-sword" from barons
- Tax john charged barons to pay for France war
- John lost wars causing barons to be angry
- Lost crown jewels
- Made people question his competency
- John had a lot to live up to
- Development
- Main clauses of magna carta
- "English church shall be free"
- "No scutage"
- "No free man shall be seized or imprisoned... except by the lawful judgement"
- 25 Barons must be elected to watch over him
- Barons put together army
- Led by Fitzwater
- Sent to occupy London
- John had no choice other than to negotiate (needed to raise own army)
- Signed Magna Carta
- Runnymede
- 63 clauses
- Had no intention of keeping promise. Agreed so potential war would end
- Main clauses of magna carta
- Consequences
- 1. John went back on his word
- Used magna carta as a delaying tactic to build army
- Pope stated magna carta was invalid
- 2. Civil war was declared
- Barons had support from French and control over london
- 3. Barons occupied Rochester castle
- John army waited and starved barons out
- Johns army stormed castle and he controlled most of England and wales again
- 4. Prince Louis arrived to support barons
- May 1216
- In return Louis would have throne of England
- Louis took land from rebel barons and gave it to loyal ones to gain support
- Louis was announced king but not crowned at St Pauls cathedral
- Finally, John dies. Barons don't need Louis anymore and crown 9 yo Henry (Johns son). Barons reissue magna carta which Henry signs.
- 1. John went back on his word
- Significance
- Short term
- Only affected barons and freemen at the time
- Limited power of monarch for the first time but king could still ignore if he wished
- Long term
- Important symbolic step toward democracy
- Inspiration for thigs like the American bill of rights
- Introduced idea that even kings should obey law
- Can be seen as the basis for law and human rights across the world
- Short term
- Causes
- John had a lot to live up to
- Divine right
- Father succesful
- Feudal system
- There was a Great council but he didn't have to listen
- Expected to be a good soldier and gain support from barons
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