M:6 S:5 Animal Cloning
- Created by: JessicaMPascoe
- Created on: 16-03-19 12:43
View mindmap
- Animal Cloning
- Natural
- Splitting of fertilised egg in early stages of development
- E.g. Twins
- Splitting of fertilised egg in early stages of development
- Artifical
- Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
- 2. Nucleus from egg cell of sheep B is extracted - enucleated cell
- 1. Somatic cell (not a reproductive cell) is taken from sheep A
- Nucleus is extracted
- 3. Nucleus from A is inserted into B
- 4. Fused together through electrofusion
- Produces embryo
- 5. Embryo implanted into surrogate mother
- Lamb is identical to sheep A
- Dolly the sheep - 5th July 1996
- Artifical Embryo Twinning
- 2. Left to divide at least once
- Forms an embryo in vitro
- 1. Egg cell is extracted from a female and fertilised in a petri dish
- 3. Individual cells from embryo are separated into different petri dishes
- Left to divide and develop normally
- Similar to what happens naturally in animals. This example is with cows:
- 4. Separate embryos are implanted into surrogate mothers
- 5. Continue ti develop and all offspring will be identical
- 2. Left to divide at least once
- Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
- Uses
- 1. Research purposes
- Medicine for new drugs
- 2. Save endangered from extinctin
- 3. Agriculture
- Farmers can increase the number of animals with a beneficial characteristic
- 4. Animals have been genetically modified to produce useful substances
- Beneficial protein in cow milk
- 1. Research purposes
- Arguments For and Against
- Against
- 1. Difficult, time-consuming and expensive
- 3. Clone may not live as long as other animals
- Unethical
- 4. Embryos that aren't used are destroyed
- Some believe this is destroying a human life
- For
- 3. Increasing the pop of endangered species
- Helps to preserve biodiversity
- 2. Infertile animals can not reproduce
- 4. No breeding seasons - can happen at any time
- 1. Desirable genetic characteristic is passed on
- Doesn't always happen with sexual reproduction
- 5. Help develop new treatments for disease
- Less suffering for some people
- 3. Increasing the pop of endangered species
- Against
- QUESTIONS
- 3. Give 5 uses of animal cloning
- 2. Describe how artifical embryo twinning is carried out
- 4. A team of sceintists wants to create a herd of cloned alpacas from Alpaca A, which has a desirable characteristic for wool production
- A) Outline how they could create a clone of Alpaca A using SCNT
- B) Give 2 arguments again creating a cloned herd
- A) Outline how they could create a clone of Alpaca A using SCNT
- 1. Describe how clones occur naturally
- Natural
Comments
No comments have yet been made