Lymphocytes

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  • Lymphocytes
    • White blood cells that help to defend the body against specific diseases
      • 2 types
        • Lymphocytes
          • White blood cells that help to defend the body against specific diseases
            • 2 types
              • B Cells
                • Effector Cells
                  • Differentiate to produce plasma cells
                  • Last for a few days
                • Memory Cells
                  • Remain in the body for months or years in case of reinfection during secondary immune response
                • Divide by clonal selection
                  • Stimulated by cytokines released by T Helper Cells
                  • During primary immune response
              • T Cells
                • Helper Cells
                  • Enhance the activity of phagocytes and release cytokines
                  • Complementary CD4 receptors bind to APCs - macrophages that display non-self antigens when engulfed during phagocytosis
                  • when activated they produce T helper cells and T memory cells
                • Killer Cells
                  • destroy any cells with non-self antigens
                  • Division stimulated by cytokines
                  • Release enzymes that create pores in the membrane of the infected cell - causes lysis
                • Memory Cells
                  • Remain in body for months or years in case of reinfection, e.g. secondary immune response
        • B Cells
          • Effector Cells
            • Differentiate to produce plasma cells
            • Last for a few days
          • Memory Cells
            • Remain in the body for months or years in case of reinfection during secondary immune response
          • Divide by clonal selection
            • Stimulated by cytokines released by T Helper Cells
            • During primary immune response
        • T Cells
          • Helper Cells
            • Enhance the activity of phagocytes and release cytokines
            • Complementary CD4 receptors bind to APCs - macrophages that display non-self antigens when engulfed during phagocytosis
            • when activated they produce T helper cells and T memory cells
          • Killer Cells
            • destroy any cells with non-self antigens
            • Division stimulated by cytokines
            • Release enzymes that create pores in the membrane of the infected cell - causes lysis
          • Memory Cells
            • Remain in body for months or years in case of reinfection, e.g. secondary immune response

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