Loftus + Palmer
- Created by: kallese
- Created on: 16-10-19 17:37
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- Loftus + Palmer
- Experiment 2
- Sample
- 150 Students, split into 3 groups
- Research Method
- Lab- using independent measures. IV- wording of question then the question 'did you see any broken glass?'. DV-answer either yes/no.
- Procedure
- All participants were shown a one-minute film which contained a 4-second multiple car crash.
- They were then given a questionnaire which asked them to describe the accident and answer a set of questions about the incident
- There was a critical question: One group asked, “About how fast were the cars going when they smashed into each other?” - Another group asked, “About how fast were the cars going when they hit each other?” - The third group did not have a question.
- One week later, all participants, without seeing the film again, completed another questionnaire about the accident which contained the further critical question, “Did you see any broken glass – Yes/No?” There had been no broken glass in the original film
- Results
- Yes-(Smashed,16) (hit,7) (control,6). No-(Smashed,34) (hit,43) (control,44)
- More participants in the ‘smashed’ condition than either the ‘hit’ or control groups reported seeing broken glass.
- Sample
- Experiment 1
- Sample
- 45 Students, 5 conditions- 9 to each group
- Research Method
- Laboratory Experiment, independent measures design. IV- wording of the critical question. DV- Estimated speed
- Procedure
- There was one critical question in the questionnaire: “About how fast were the cars going when they hit each other?
- After each clip participants were given a questionnaire which asked them firstly to describe the accident and then answer a series of questions about the accident.
- All participants were shown the same 7 film clips of different traffic accidents which were originally made as part of a driver safety film.
- One group was given this question while the other 4 groups were given the verbs “smashed’, ‘collided’, ‘contacted’ or ‘bumped’, instead of ‘hit’.
- Results
- a) Speed estimates for the verbs used in the critical question. Smashed(40.5), Collided(39.3), bumped(38.1), hit(34), contacted(31.8)
- Sample
- Conclusions
- The verb used in a question influences a participant’s response ie the way a question is phrased influences the answer given.
- People are not very good at judging vehicular speed.
- Misleading post event information can distort an individual’s memory
- It is proposed that two kinds of information go into our memory. information gleaned during perception of original events. The post-event information gained after the fact. Information will integrate over time and we will be unable to decipher which source of information.
- Experiment 2
- Procedure
- There was one critical question in the questionnaire: “About how fast were the cars going when they hit each other?
- After each clip participants were given a questionnaire which asked them firstly to describe the accident and then answer a series of questions about the accident.
- All participants were shown the same 7 film clips of different traffic accidents which were originally made as part of a driver safety film.
- One group was given this question while the other 4 groups were given the verbs “smashed’, ‘collided’, ‘contacted’ or ‘bumped’, instead of ‘hit’.
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