Local Government Reforms- 1864-70.

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Local Government reforms.1864-1870.
- Positives.
  - Elected local councils brought in: district (Uezd) and provincial (zemstva) as well as dumas (1870).
  - Zemstva to be elected and chosen through electoral colleges for nobles, townspeople, Church and peasants.
  - Zemstva had powers to make local councils make improvements to schools, and other things, and could also administer poor relief.
  - Zemstva were fairly effective at driving local change- were experienced officers.
- Negative.
  - No national assembly was formed on the back of local governments, disappointing many liberals.
  - Nobility were allowed to dominate the electoral colleges.
  - Limited powers-no control of state or local taxes- law and order remained with Provincial Governors. By 1914 only 43/70 zemstva had been established.
  - Zemstva were dominated by nobility- 74%
Local government needed to take on tasks such as maintenance of roads, etc. Also, This allowed nobles to get greater representation in government. Commission appointed in 1860 chaired by Nicholas Alexander Milyutin and then by Peter Valuev, Minister for Internal Affairs.

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