Living for the Future

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  • Created by: Meep7375
  • Created on: 02-06-15 19:30
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  • Living for the Future
    • Energy from the sun
      • Almost all energy on earth comes from the sun
        • Wind turbines generate electricity from the movement of air caused by the heating effect of the sun
          • Electricity from solar cells is generated when sunlight creates a chemical reaction resulting in power
        • Human energy comes form food, which is either from animals which eat vegetation or from vegetation, which grows through photosynthesis
    • Generating Electricity
      • Starts with the dynamo effect - a magnet moving through a coil of wire, inducing a flow of electric current
      • The AC generator - using the dynamo effect but rotating the coil in a circular magnetic field inducing electricity to flow
      • Power Station uses chemical energy to heat water to provide super-heated steam to turn turbines moving a magnet in a coil generating electricity to flow
    • Global Warming
      • Causes and effects; temperature change - environmental results
        • Rising sea levels, expanding deserts, more extreme weather (worse, more often, for longer)
    • Power and paying for electricity
      • Power = current x voltage (measured in Watts)
        • Energy transferred = power x time (measured in kWh - kiloWatt hours)
          • Cost = energy transferred x unit cost
    • Fossil fuels and biomass
      • Sources of biomass and fossil fuels
        • Comparison of benefits and drawbacks
          • Sustainability, environmental effects (damage caused by obtaining and using + wastage
    • Nuclear Power
      • Splitting the atom yields huge amounts of energy
        • Energy is clean as it produces no carbon dioxide nor does it burn fossil fuels
        • The reaction is controlled using boron and the nuclear rods are cooled in water
    • Radioactivity
      • Particles which come out form an atom's nucleus are called radiation or radioactivity
        • These collide with other atoms and molecules, sometimes removing electrons, thus creating ions - this is ionising radiation
          • What is radiation? Three types of radiation (alpha, beta & gamma - need to explain the differences)
            • Travel of & stopping radiation; uses for and safe use of radioactivity (e.g. X-rays, microwave ovens)
    • The Solar System
      • Planets in order closest to Sun first: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune (Pluto became a dwarf in 2006)
        • Universe keywords; asteroids and comets; asteroid impact
          • Background cosmic radiation; The Doppler Effect; Solar flares
            • Big Bang evidence; Birth & Death of a Star

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