structure and function of lipids

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  • lipids
    • fatty acids
      • long hydrocarbon chains
      • acid group at  the end
      • if hydrocarbon chain contains double bond it is unsaturated
        • make fats melt more easily
      • single bonds - saturated with hydrogen. solid/fat
    • triglycerides
      • consist of a glycerol molecule
      • condensation reaction to 3 fatty acids
      • ether bonds are formed
      • hydrolysis reaction releases molecules again
      • excellent energy reserves - more carbon hydrogen bonds than Carb.
      • protection of internal organs
      • a thermal insulating layer
    • phospholipids
      • consists of a glycerol molecule, two fatty acids molecules and a phosphate group.
      • phosphate makes glycerol end to be polarised (hydrophilic)
        • hydrocarbon chains - non polar (hydrophobic)

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