Life After Death

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  • Life After Death
    • Continuity vs. Identity
      • John Hick's Replica Theory
        • Stage 1
          • Fred disappears from London and appear in NYC.
            • Physical identity
              • memories and relationships hep to show that Fred is the real Fred
            • continuity
              • continuity has been broken.
                • there is no way for someone to immediately get from London to NYC is a split second
                  • if Fred got on a plane, continuity would still be intact but since there was no pane involved, continuity has been broken
        • Stage 2
          • Fred dies in London and appears alive in NYC
            • convinces his wife that it is really him - verifiable
              • Fred knows things that only Fred knows
        • Stage 3
          • Fred in London and appears in heaven
            • cannot verify that dead Fred is now in haven
            • Hick would claim that there are no philosophical differences between all of the stages
        • Transportation
    • Monism and Dualism
      • Monism
        • mind and body are linked together to form one identity
      • Dualism
        • mind and body are distinct and separate entities, though one can infuence the other
      • Cartesian Dualism
    • Resurrection of the body
      • Monism
        • body dies and the soul remains in the body
          • both wait for the last day
            • on the last day, everyone is resurrected together
              • your soul enters your new body - your "spiritual" body
                • bodily continuity is broken when waiting for the last day
                  • retains memories, personality and relationships
      • Dualism
        • body dies and soul leaves your body
          • your soul joins your "spiritual"" body
            • your old body is left to decay
              • body and soul can be separate
                • retain memories, personality and relationships
    • Immortality of the Soul
      • dualist
        • body and soul are alive
          • body dies and decays
            • soul goes to God, and joins all other pre-existing souls in heaven with God
              • bodily continuity is not broken
                • retains memories, personality and relationships
    • Reincarnation
      • Types of the body
      • your body die but your soul lives on
        • soul is reborn into another body - "transmigration of souls"
          • cycle continues repeatedly, with the soul facing ad/ good karma for how they have lived in the previous life
            • the soul can be reincarnated in other realms - some more happy and others more painful than Earth
              • the soul aims to seek perfection and enlightenment order to be united with Brahman
                • the soul is a part of God and  so, once perfection enlightenment is reached, the soul joins back into God's form
                  • "Nirvana" = ultimate reality is Brahman, and the union is sought by all souls
                • "moksha" = enlightenment
            • the developments that occur to a person in their different lifetimes are called "samskaras"
        • soul = "atman"
    • Plato, Aristotle, Descartes and Aquinas
      • Plato
        • the body belongs to the psychical world and will one day, cease to exist
        • "Doctrine of Recollection"
          • the soul belongs to a higher realm of eternal forms where eternal truths (love and justice) endure forever
            • our souls forget heavenly knowledge when they  descend into the psychical realm, and education is needed to help it to remember
        • Eternal Forms
          • Ideas. Ideals that exist as a real entity
            • they exist in the metaphysical world, but they also exist in the physical world
              • better versions in the metaphysical world
                • metaphysical  perfect and real
                  • physical realm = a shadow of the metaphysical realm - not really real
          • happened before Christianity
      • Aristotle
        • the soul gives the body life and they work together
        • the soul cannot survive death
      • Aquinas
        • the soul survives death
        • agrees with Aristotle
          • the soul gives the body life and they work together
        • when the body dies, the soul retains the identity that was attached to the body
      • Descartes
        • sceptical of the physical world - a source of constant deception
        • rejected physical world due to a malicious demon
        • it is necessary that the soul must be the only possible meaningful way of understanding the afterlife
    • Rebirth
      • there is no soul or self
        • there are just patterns of consciousnss travelling through time and space like a wave
          • we perceive there being an I experiencing it, but it is just an illusion
          • Nirvana is possible - it is the end of the cycle of rebirth
            • when you reach perfection, the "wave" (process of perception) cntnues
          • just a process of thinking and perceptions taking place
        • believe in the concept of "anatta" = soullessness
      • there is no soul, no God and no heaven
    • Parapsychology

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