Self, Death and the Afterlife
- Created by: grxcechild
- Created on: 14-04-18 17:46
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- Self, Death and the Afterlife
- the nature and existence of the soul
- Dualism
- argue we have composite natures, namely material and non-material
- the soul/mind is immortal
- parallelism
- the mind and body are like 2 clocks
- God is the regulator
- the mind and body are like 2 clocks
- parallelism
- Descartes
- Interactionism
- 'I think therefore I am'
- Plato
- The soul and the body are two separate substances that interact. The real identity of the person lies with the soul.
- Interactionism
- Materialism
- The belief there's no separate part of the body called the soul
- After the body dies the personal identity ceases to exist
- Science will eventually be able to explain everything
- Gilbert Ryle- 'The Concept of the Mind'
- the soul is'the ghost in the machine
- E.g. Foreigner watching cricket game
- philosophical behaviourism
- Dawkins
- 'life is simply bytes and bytes of digital info'
- the body fails when the brain cannot continue to work/exist
- Dualism
- Descartes
- “I think therefore I am” – Cogito ergo Sum
- two substances interact through the pineal gland
- Substance/Cartesian Dualism
- the mind is res cogitans and the body is res extensa
- 1-Argument from doubt
- 2-Argument from divisibility and non-divisibility
- 3-Argument from clear and distinct perception
- 2-Argument from divisibility and non-divisibility
- 17th century
- soul is infinite, body is finite
- Criticisms
- Gilbert Ryle- ghost in machine- university
- Hume- soul substance solves nothing
- Body and soul relationship
- Physicalism
- no body/soul relationship bc no soul
- everything can be explained/described in terms of matter
- reductive philosophy
- mind is matter (finite)
- little evidence of soul
- evidence suggests mind is a physical substance e.g. dementia/brain damage
- little evidence of soul
- everything can be explained/described in terms of matter
- no body/soul relationship bc no soul
- Functionalism
- the mind is attached to the brain
- just an info processing system
- aren't interested in what the mind is made of
- mind is a by-product of bodily functions
- not a traditional body/soul relationship
- functions can be multiply realised
- the mind is attached to the brain
- Dual-aspect monism
- no body/soul relationship bc only one substance
- not dualism
- monism=one entity
- the brain- physical-objective-1st aspect
- the activity within the brain-1st person subjective-2nd aspect
- not dualism
- no body/soul relationship bc only one substance
- Interactionism
- Descartes
- Physicalism
- Possibility of continued existence after death
- Physicalist
- largely materialists
- cannot be without brain
- Bertrand Russel- 'the self is completely bound to the fate of the brain'
- May be able to survive death in the future- cryogenics- Daniel Dennet- upload brain and store it
- Christian POV- resurrection
- Hick's replica theory
- cannot be without brain
- largely materialists
- Metaphysical
- soul survives
- Plato- argument from opposites, argument from recollection
- H.H. Price- disembodied existence
- reincarnation, NDEs and mediums
- H.H. Price- disembodied existence
- Plato- argument from opposites, argument from recollection
- soul survives
- Psychological
- the impact we have and leave behind on others
- Parfit the Bundle theory
- Daniel Dennett- upload brain onto diff platform=psychological continuity
- Buddhism-no self, impermanence. A flow of consciousness is the only thing that continues
- Process thought- David Griffin
- Buddhism-no self, impermanence. A flow of consciousness is the only thing that continues
- Daniel Dennett- upload brain onto diff platform=psychological continuity
- Parfit the Bundle theory
- the impact we have and leave behind on others
- Physicalist
- the nature and existence of the soul
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