Unit 2; Core Studies; Levine et al
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- Created on: 13-03-17 17:09
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- Levine et al
- Aims
- see if a city's helpfulness to strangers is stable over a range of cultures
- research if substantial variation exists across cultures
- identify country-level variables related to helping
- Sample: 1198 in total in 23 different cities
- IV: city/culture DV: if stranger helped or not
- Procedure
- Dropped pen: experimenter dropped pen; helping was informing or picking it up
- Hurt leg: experimenter with limp dropped magazines; was offering /giving help
- Helping blind: experimenter wore dark glasses & had a cane that they held out waiting to cross road; helping was informing of green light
- Discarded tasks included asking for change and dropping letters by postboxes
- avoided bias by always using 2nd person approaching
- Results
- 93.3% helped in Brazil=best, 40.3% helped in Malaysia = worst
- no correlation between population & behaviour
- people in coountries with less purchasing power parity helped more
- no correlation between collectivist /individualist culture & behaviour
- no correlation between pace of life & behaviour
- 'simpatia' countries were more helpful 82.87% compared to 65.87% in non-simpatia
- Ethics: broke consent, deception, withdrawal, debrief
- Reliability & Validity
- IR: same training, consistency over measures
- ER: large sample but variation in measuring?
- IV: researchers could have done different procedures
- EV: field study so high in ecologial, generalisable
- Ethnocentrism: used 'world' cities but few studies in Africa, USA
- Summary
- Social area: 4 variables are social
- helping others: levels varied considerably
- Debates
- Individual vs Situational: culture affects help level as well as situation
- Aims
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