Les années Pompidou et Giscard d'Estaing (1969-1981)
- Created by: Ellie
- Created on: 19-05-18 11:31
View mindmap
- Les années Pompidou et Giscard d'Estaing (1969-1981)
- After May 1968, DG had a falling out with GP
- In July 1968, after the dissolution of l'Assemblée Nationale, GP was replaced as PM by Maurice Couve de Murville
- Election of Georges Pompidou
- Remembered as 'les années assez heureuses'
- Last 'années heureuses' in France before the economic crisis in the 80s
- GP, former PM to DG, was elected President with 58.21% of the votes
- Running against the centrist President of the Senat Alain Poher, who was interim president after DG resigned
- GP wanted to respect the institutions of Vème republic
- Didn't represent a radical change in politics, instead followed in DG's footsteps.
- Appointed the Gaullist Jaques Chaban-Delmas as PM
- JC-D was quite liberal
- Put in place important reforms for the Republic
- Chaban-Delmas and "la nouvelle société"
- Wanted to rectify and resolve the issues posed by "la société bloquée"
- Wanted to transform France into a more cohesive, harmonious society AS WELL AS encouraging economic development
- Wanted to create a society that was more dynamic, competitive and capable of responding to change
- From 1969 there was more democracy and less censorship of TV and media
- More workers rights and the development of professional training
- Creation of SMIC (Saliare minimum) in 1970
- Created to improve living conditions and buying powers of the lower classes
- GP was a man of industry, and several initiatives to reinforce the economy and modernise industry in France
- TGV
- Airbus
- Was created with the aim of being a main competitor to the US
- Can be said to have been successful as today Airbus is one of the main rivials of US company Boeing
- Was created with the aim of being a main competitor to the US
- Wanted to create a society that was more dynamic, competitive and capable of responding to change
- Wanted to transform France into a more cohesive, harmonious society AS WELL AS encouraging economic development
- Wanted to rectify and resolve the issues posed by "la société bloquée"
- Chaban-Delmas and "la nouvelle société"
- Put in place important reforms for the Republic
- JC-D was quite liberal
- Remembered as 'les années assez heureuses'
- Chaban-Delmas and "la nouvelle société"
- Wanted to rectify and resolve the issues posed by "la société bloquée"
- Wanted to transform France into a more cohesive, harmonious society AS WELL AS encouraging economic development
- Wanted to create a society that was more dynamic, competitive and capable of responding to change
- From 1969 there was more democracy and less censorship of TV and media
- More workers rights and the development of professional training
- Creation of SMIC (Saliare minimum) in 1970
- Created to improve living conditions and buying powers of the lower classes
- GP was a man of industry, and several initiatives to reinforce the economy and modernise industry in France
- TGV
- Airbus
- Was created with the aim of being a main competitor to the US
- Can be said to have been successful as today Airbus is one of the main rivials of US company Boeing
- Was created with the aim of being a main competitor to the US
- Wanted to create a society that was more dynamic, competitive and capable of responding to change
- Wanted to transform France into a more cohesive, harmonious society AS WELL AS encouraging economic development
- Wanted to rectify and resolve the issues posed by "la société bloquée"
- The Resurgence of the French left
- In 1971, François Mitterand takes control of the new Partie Socialiste (PS), formerly the SFIO.
- The PS wanted to form a coalition on the left with the Partie Communiste
- The PS realised that with the new constitution, the president held the majority of the power and so they had to unite the left.
- Wanted to be an effective rival and compete with the Gaullist powers
- The left evolved from it's old grass roots, militant image to a more modern, media savvy image
- The left became more interested in softening their image and seducing a broader, more moderate electorate
- The PS realised that with the new constitution, the president held the majority of the power and so they had to unite the left.
- Led to a new bipolorisation between the left and right in French politics
- On one side was the Right
- The Gaullist UDR (Union des démocrates pour la République)
- The centre right RI (Républicains Indépendants)
- Other small moderate parties on the centre
- The Gaullist UDR (Union des démocrates pour la République)
- The Gaullist government was consolidated by these centre right parties
- Other small moderate parties on the centre
- On the side of the opposition was the left
- Partie Socialiste
- The MRG (Mouvement des Radicaux des Gauche
- The PCF (Partie Communiste Français)
- On one side was the Right
- The PS wanted to form a coalition on the left with the Partie Communiste
- In 1971, François Mitterand takes control of the new Partie Socialiste (PS), formerly the SFIO.
- Georges Pompidou's foreign policy
- Followed DG's policy of independence
- HOWEVER, GP was more moderate than DG
- Less obsessed about France's leadership role within Europe, more interested in cooperation with other European countries
- HOWEVER, GP was more moderate than DG
- More interested and accepting of the UK's role in Europe, and beleieved that they did belong in the EEC
- View was ratified by a referendum in France
- Approved by 68% of French people
- UK joined the EEC in 1973
- View was ratified by a referendum in France
- Followed DG's policy of independence
- Election of Valéry Discard d'Estaing
- VGE vs FM- VGE marginally won with 50.8% of the votes
- At 48 years ol, VGE wanted to incite change, youth and modernity after 16 years of Guallist presidency
- GP's former finance minister
- At 48 years old, VGE was the youngest French president until Macron
- Wanted to represent change, youth and modernity after 16 years of Gaullist rule
- Because he wasn't the leader of a strong party (RI), VGE had to work with the UDR in order to gain a majority
- He named Jaques Chriac (member of UDR as PM in order to consolidate this support
- The Chirac government implemented a huge number of important social legislations
- The bills which were implemented under VGE's presidency were traditionally left-wing and so possibly some of his core electorate abandoned him in the next elections
- VGE wanted to transform France
- Lowered the voting age from 21 to 18
- Legalised abortion (IVG)
- Call for legalisation was led by Simone Veil
- Extremely controversial that a female health minister was carrying forward the motion
- Caused a lot of anti-Semitism and fighting in parliament
- SM was a survivor of the holocaust
- MPs compared her to a Nazi
- SM was a survivor of the holocaust
- Call for legalisation was led by Simone Veil
- Allowed divorce through mutual agreement
- Before,getting a divorce was very difficult: you had to prove cheating in front of a court
- Created the State Secretariat for the Status of Women
- The Chirac government implemented a huge number of important social legislations
- He named Jaques Chriac (member of UDR as PM in order to consolidate this support
- At 48 years old, VGE was the youngest French president until Macron
- VGE vs FM- VGE marginally won with 50.8% of the votes
- Political and Economic Crisis
- 1974 was the end of the '30 glorieuses'
- The Yom Kippur war (1973) and the rise in the price of oil caused a global recession
- The rise in oil prices was as a result of a reaction by Arab nations to the Yom Kippur War
- The Yom Kippur war (1973) and the rise in the price of oil caused a global recession
- France was extremely affected by unemployemnt
- 500,000 unemployed in 1973; 1 million by the end of 1975; 1.5 million by 1980
- Lack of untiy on the right
- Chirac resigns from his post as PM on 25th August 1976
- Stated he didn't have the necessary means to carry out his job effectively
- Huge blow to VGE as he loses his main Gaullist support
- Makes life very difficult
- New PM was the economist Raymond Barre
- Very intelligent but not an experienced politician, came across as a little abrupt
- On the left "l'union de la gauche" (PS+PCF) was becoming more popular
- FM affirmed his authority and became the official candidate for the PS in the 1981 presidential election
- Chirac resigns from his post as PM on 25th August 1976
- Lack of untiy on the right
- 500,000 unemployed in 1973; 1 million by the end of 1975; 1.5 million by 1980
- 1974 was the end of the '30 glorieuses'
- 1981 Presidential Election
- VGE was a candidante to run for a second term
- He was in a difficult position
- Was right in the middle of Mitterrand and Chirac so had to endure attacks from both the left and right
- He was involved in the diamond scandal
- Accused of corruption as he received gifts of diamonds from an African dictator Bokassa. Blood diamonds.
- VGE had a predominately upper class image (liked hunting etc.) and so was unpopular with the working class voters
- Accused of corruption as he received gifts of diamonds from an African dictator Bokassa. Blood diamonds.
- He was involved in the diamond scandal
- Was right in the middle of Mitterrand and Chirac so had to endure attacks from both the left and right
- Chirac sought to affirm his leadership on the right
- Mitterrand proposed a 'different policy' to resolve unemployment and the economic cirsis
- On 10th May 1981, FM was elected the President of the Republic with 51.76% of the vote
- For the first time since 1958, France had a socialist president
- On 10th May 1981, FM was elected the President of the Republic with 51.76% of the vote
- Mitterrand proposed a 'different policy' to resolve unemployment and the economic cirsis
- He was in a difficult position
- VGE was a candidante to run for a second term
- After May 1968, DG had a falling out with GP
Comments
No comments have yet been made