Lenin's New Society

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  • Lenin's New Society
    • War Communism
      • Aimed to kickstart communism & supply Red Army
      • Features - Nationalised industry + money, extra grain taken from peasants, private trade forbidden, controlled facories
      • Consequence peasants hid or grew less grain, 1921 famine, no increase in factory output, peasants arrested or shot
      • Kronstadt  Mutiny - Feb 1921 - led to abandonment of the policy
    • WW1
      • Trotsky controlled nefotiations, Forced to accept Brest-Litovsk - wanted to form allies, No German revolution
      • Russia lost: 34% pop, 32% land, 54% industry, 89% coalmines, 300m roubles
    • The Whites
      • Lots arrested, no set leader, 7000 killed in Red Terror
      • Tsar was dead, unfamiliar with climate
      • Lots from other countries - not as dedicated + language barriers
    • Decrees
      • For workers: limit 48hr weeks, insurance, holidays
      • For peasants: land given out fairly, Russia left WW1
      • More freedoms: marriage w/o a priest, divorce made easier
      • Increase Bolsh control censorship, secret police, banks controlled
    • NEP - 1921
      • NEPMEN small private traders
      • FOOD finally distributed - famine ended after 7 years, USSR started to prosper again
      • Some peasants became kulaks - compromised communism with reality
      • Re-introduce some capitalism,  peasants sold grain & paid tax, small factories privately owned
    • Civil War
      • 1918-21 Bolsh won. Trotsky used discipline & leadership
      • RED TERROR shot, hanged
      • Trotsky made new red army, 300, 000 men, held their families hostage
      • Cheka + arbitrary arrest kept white support down, or hidden
      • March 1918 - 3 White armies invaded Petrograd+ Moscow, helped by countries scared of communism
    • The Bolsheviks
      • Controlled infrastructure + Cheka - USSR more dedicated
      • Army had 1 strong leader (Trotsky) soldiers used to climate
      • Lenin was ruthless & a great leader, would go to any lengths
    • Initial
      • 1st election - SRs had majority, Red Guard shut down Assembly
      • Lenin opened Assembly of Soviets (Bolsh. majority) to pass all his laws
      • Lenin knew if he failed in his promises he would lose power
    • Roles of Lenin + Trotsky
      • Workers trust govt. - upped production
      • No power to church - not like Tsar
      • Lenin got himself into power - no ancestry
      • Still autocratic not much changed
      • Trotsky - great leader, trusted, army stronger + USSR had more allies

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