LEDC volcanic eruptions
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- Created on: 23-12-16 14:10
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- LEDC volcanic eruptions
- Chances Peak Montserrat in the Caribbean
- Composite volcano
- On a destructive plate margin
- On the 18th of July, 1995 there were precursors of small earthquakes, and eruptions of ash and dush.
- The most intense eruption occured in 1997.
- The population of the island were asked to evacuate (11,000)
- 19 people were killed
- The only hospital in the area was destroyed
- There was dependency on AID
- 2/3 of the island were left uninhabitable
- Could only be accessed by boat and helicopter
- Management
- 1998 - Britain said that the people of the island could live in the U.K. if they wished
- Britain also supplied AID
- Services expanded in the North
- Chaitén Volcano in Chile
- Caldera volcano composed of viscous rhyolitic lava
- The eruption was vulcanian
- Until 2008, it had not erupted for 9,400 years
- It is part of one of many along the western seaboard of South America. With 122, including 40 historically active ones, Chile has one of longest volcanic chains in the world.
- It is situated above a subduction zone where the Pacific Ocean Plate is consumed beneath the South American continental plate.
- It erupted on the 2nd of May, 2008.
- Prior to 2008, Chaitén was classed as a low-threat volcano. It had a history of violent eruptions, dome building and pyroclastic flows associated with dome collapse. The length of time it had lain dormant meant it was not actively monitored.
- The remote location of Chaitén and the relatively low population density meant that management of the volcano was not a high priority.
- Lahars were generated by intense rainfall mixing with ash. These cut communications in some areas and made access difficult.
- Farm animals were killed by suffocating ash.
- One death - attributed to stress related to the eruption and evacuation
- Extreme damage to airport and marine facilities further hampering rescue operations
- Management
- By the 3rd of May, the Chilean Navy had helped to evacuate some 3,900 people and forcible evacuations orderes were issues to encourage those who did not wish to leave
- Residents were told not to drink the water, because the reservoirs in the area were covered in a layer of ash.
- Financial aid to small businesses was granted and a 90-day freeze period on payment of existing loans to the state bank to aid businesses in trouble because of the eruption
- Prior to 2008, Chaitén was classed as a low-threat volcano. It had a history of violent eruptions, dome building and pyroclastic flows associated with dome collapse. The length of time it had lain dormant meant it was not actively monitored.
- Chances Peak Montserrat in the Caribbean
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