Language Diversity- Language and Gender
- Created by: Natalie
- Created on: 09-03-19 19:03
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- Language Diversity- Language and Gender
- Key Terminology
- Marking: identifying an item as different from the norm
- Manterrupting: unnecessary interruption of a woman by a man.
- Mansplaining: when a man explains something to a woman in a patronising way
- Often begins with a man completely disregarding a woman's opinion by interrupting her mid-sentence.
- Genderlect: the specific ways men and women use language.
- Androcentric: focused or biased towards men.
- Communities of Practice: a group of people who come together for the purpose of a shared activity
- Social network theory: the study of how people in organisations and groups interact with each other.
- Deficit Theory
- The belief that the language used by women is inferior to that used by men.
- Otto Jesperson
- 1922
- stated "the vocabulary of a woman as a rule is much less extensive than that of a man"
- Women's role in 1922 was caring for children, cooking, sewing, cleaning
- Working at home
- Robin Lakoff
- 1970s
- believes that language is fundamental to gender inequality
- Shows specific features in women's speech
- Features shown in womans speech
- uncertainty
- tag questions
- hedging
- But it is based on her own observations NOT scientific research.
- Dominance Model
- The belief that the language difference between men and women can be explained by the hierarchical dominance of men in society
- Zimmerman and West
- 1975
- College campus study
- Found men were responsible for 96% of interruptions in conversations between men and women
- Only recorded 31 conversations
- Speakers were white, middle class between 20 and 35 years old.
- Dale Spender
- 1980
- argument is that in a patriarchal societies, men control language and it works in their favour
- Geoffrey Beattie
- 1982
- Recorded 10 hours of tutorial discussions
- Found men and women interrupted equally
- Isn't as quoted as Zimmerman and West.
- O'Barr and Atkins
- 1980
- powerless language
- found language that Lakoff associated with women was shown by both genders when they were in a powerless situation
- courtroom situation
- Difference Theory
- The belief that men and women have innate differences in the style and function of their speech and writing.
- Deborah Tannen
- 1990
- Men and women are socialised differently
- Differences are because men and women want different things out of their conversations
- Women tend to overlap; whereas men speak one at a time.
- Divided up the differences between male and female speech styles into 6 contrasts
- Conflict vs compromise
- Orders vs proposals
- Independence vs Intimacy
- Status vs support
- Information vs feelings
- Advice vs understanding
- Sample Exam Question: Evaluate the idea that interactions between men and women are characterised by miscommunication
- Key Terminology
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