Language and Social Class
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- Created on: 06-06-16 15:36
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- Language and Social Class
- Labov - Department Store Study
- Studied speech of final (r) in three stores
- Highest ranking: Saks - pronounced (r) the most
- Middle ranking: Macy's - pronounced (r) some
- Lowest ranking: Klein - pronounced (r) the least
- Employees with higher socio-economoc status pronounced (r) more frequently than those with lower status
- Depends on context e.g.NYC (r) pronounced by higher classes Reading (r) pronounced less by higher classes
- Studied speech of final (r) in three stores
- Constraints
- Powerful participants block or control contributions of less powerful participants
- Phatic talk (Holmes and Stubbe 2003)
- Allows dominant person to control conversation
- Giles
- Studied different accents saying same speech
- Ranking of accents: Reciveved pronouciation, National accents e.g. Welsh, Regional rural accents, Regional urban accents
- Socal class defined by
- Wealth
- Education
- Income
- Occupation
- Non-standard dialect
- Lower classes tend to use non-standard dialect more
- Upper classes use standard dialect
- Middle class aim to use standard dialect
- Peter Trudgill
- Looked at the final (ing) in Norwich
- Four speech styles: reading aloud a list of words, reading aloud of text, formal speech, casual speech
- Found variation across speech styles are parallel to social class
- Found lower middle class speakers converge upwards to sound like the next higher class
- Looked at the final (ing) in Norwich
- Labov - Department Store Study
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