King John's Relationships with Wales, Scotland and Ireland
Brief Summary of King John's relationships with Scotland, Wales and Ireland.
Refers to AQA, A2 History
- Created by: Bethany
- Created on: 22-03-14 20:49
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- King John's Relationships with Wales, Scotland and Ireland
- Wales
- When Rhys ap Gruffund died in 1197, all the alliances Henry II had established fell apart.
- Llewelyn ap Iowerth emerged as the principal leader of Gwynedd and expanded his powers during the 1215-17 Baronial Rebellions against John.
- In 1218, John secured his DOMINANCE with a treaty with the English government
- Dominance maintained until 1240
- Scotland
- King William was able to free himself from the humiliating 1174 treaty on the death of Henry II.
- Richard, eager for cash for the crusade, released William from the agreement in return for an oath of loyalty and £6500 (Quit Claim of Canterbury)
- Under John, William failed to regain Northumbria and was forced to hand over large amounts of cash and two of his daughters for marriage.
- William's son, Alexander II, exacted revege on John in 1215-17, marching as far South as Dover! IN 1217, peace was secured for decades when Alexander did homage to John.
- Ireland
- Henry II had made plans for his youngest son, John, intending to make him King of Ireland
- In 1185, when John was 17, he led an expedition to Ireland. It was a DISASTER
- Soldiers were unpaid, the Irish were offended by Anglo-Norman behaviour (they apparently mocked their beards!)
- As a result, John never became King of Ireland.
- 1199 Succession
- John became 'King of England and Lord of Ireland'
- This title remained untl the reign of Henry VIII
- John became 'King of England and Lord of Ireland'
- In 1210, John led an army into Ireland for a far more SUCCESSFUL expedition
- Rooted out treacherous barons and secured the submission of many native Irish Kings
- Wales
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