Kinetics - 2
- Created by: Shannon
- Created on: 09-05-14 12:05
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- Kinetics
- Factors which influence the rate of a chemical reation
- Temperature
- An increase in temperature increases the rate of reaction
- There are more successful collisions
- These collisions are of higher energy, and therefore it is more likely E > Ea
- There are more successful collisions
- An increase in temperature increases the rate of reaction
- Concentration
- At higher concentrations, the reaction rate is increased
- There are more particles in the same amount of space
- Particles are more likely to collide
- There are more particles in the same amount of space
- At higher concentrations, the reaction rate is increased
- Pressure
- At higher pressures, the reaction rate increases
- Particles become closer together
- Frequency of collisions is increased
- Same amount of particles in a smaller space
- Particles become closer together
- At higher pressures, the reaction rate increases
- Surface area
- The smaller the pieces of a solid, the larger the surface area
- More particles come into contact with the reactant
- More collisions and a faster rate of reaction
- More particles come into contact with the reactant
- The smaller the pieces of a solid, the larger the surface area
- Catalysts
- Work by lowering the activation energy of a reaction, by providing an alternative pathway
- If the activation energy is lower, more particles will have enough energy to react
- Work by lowering the activation energy of a reaction, by providing an alternative pathway
- Temperature
- Collision theory: in order for a reaction to take place...
- Particles must collide
- Particles must collide with sufficient energy
- Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
- Particles have a distribution of energies
- Some with high energy
- Some with low energy
- Factors can affect this distribution
- Increased temperature
- More particles have higher energy
- More particles with energy above the activation energy, so the reaction will occur faster
- More particles have higher energy
- Decrease in concentration
- Fewer particles present in the same area
- Decrease in successful collisions
- Energies of particles decrease
- Fewer particles with activation energy
- Fewer particles present in the same area
- Increased temperature
- Particles have a distribution of energies
- Activation energy
- The minimum energy colliding particles must have in order for a reaction to occur
- The rate of a chemical reaction can be altered if activation energy is lowered
- Factors which influence the rate of a chemical reation
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