Kidney Failure

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  • Created by: Sophie
  • Created on: 27-04-13 13:02
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  • Kidney Failure
    • If kidney's don't work properly waste substances build up, lose ability to control levels of ions and water in the body.. eventual death
    • Dialysis machines filter the blood
      • Has to be done regularly to keep concentrations of dissolved substances in the blood at normal levels and to remove waste substances
        • 3 times a week, 3-4 hours per session
      • Blood flows alongside a partially permeable membrane and dialysis fluid. Large molecules e.g proteins cannot get past the membrane.
        • Only waste substances and excess ions and water diffuse across the membrane
      • The dialysis fluid contains the same concentration of dissolved ions and glucose as healthy blood
        • Useful dissolved ions and glucose on't be lost from blood during dialysis
      • May cause blood clots or infection
      • DISADVANTAGES: Disrupts routine, risk of infection
      • ADVANTAGES: No waiting list, immuno suppresants not needed
    • Transplants
      • Only cure for kidney disease
      • Donor kidney can be rejected from patient's immune system due to the foreign antigens, the patient's antibodies attack these
        • SO a donor with a closely matching tissue type is chosen
        • Drugs needed to suppress immune system- immuno suppresents so the kidney won't be rejected
      • DISADVANTAGES: Long waiting lists for donors, immuno suppressants mean patient is vulnerable to illness
      • ADVANTAGES: Cheaper in the long run, doesn't disrupt routine, high surgery risk
    • Damage from an infection of disease, less than 30% activity
      • e.g long term high blood pressure, kidney stones

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