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  • Key developments.
    • War
      • Natural substances such as mandrake root, opium and hemlock began to be used as anaesthetic.
      • Many medieval surgeons were barber surgeons and so had little access to medical texts.
    • Religion
      • God made it so people couldn't  just cut open people and then learn how the body works because they believed that they could use spices and pray every day to stop god from sending diseases because of people sins.
    • Individuals
      • Roger Frugardi (Italian) wrote a textbook on surgery called The Practice of surgery in 1180.
      • Mondino De luzzi was a famous professor. 1316 wrote a book called Anathomia which became the standard manual for over 200
      • Hugh and Theodoric lucca were surgeons. wrote a book about how pus was needed for a wound to heal. they even used wine on wounds to reduce the chance of infection.
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    • Change
      • The ideas of Hugh and Theodroric lucca did not become popular because they went against Hippocratic advice.
      • Galen's description about the body didn't fit but people still believed that he was correct and that the body was somehow wrong,.

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