Keats Context

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  • Keats Context
    • Biographical
      • Mother, father, grandmother and grandfather died 1804-1814
      • A medical student at Guy's Hospital in London
      • Meets Fanny Brawne 1818, engaged in 1819
        • Relationship probably never consumated
      • Tom dies 1818
      • Keats begins to feel 'rather unwell' with TB in 1919
        • Haemorrhage in 1920
          • Travels to Rome to die in 1821
      • Mocked in Blackwood's Magazine 1817, linked to 'cockney school'
    • Historical
      • Elgin Marbles brought to England 1816, Keats saw them 1817
      • Industrial Revolution, rejected by Romantics
        • Lines in Isabella preempting Marx's 1848 Communist Manifesto
      • Revolutionary politics
        • American War of Independance 1776
        • French Revolution 1789
        • 1803-1815 Napoleonic Wars
        • Slave trade abolished 1807
    • Literary
      • Hazlitt's theory of disinterested sympathy influenced Keats' negative capability
        • Keats writes a letter to his brothers on it in 1817
        • Letter to George: Keats said the world was not a 'vale of tears' but a 'vale of soul making'
      • Most of the Odes written 1819
      • Wordsworth and Coleridge's Lyrical Ballads in 1798
      • Use of the epic linking to Homer and Milton (links to Hyperion)
        • Chapman's translation of Homer 1614
      • Letter to Benjamin Bailey 1817 'what the imagination seizes and beauty must be true'
    • Cultural
      • Keats' work a favourite subject of the Pre Raphaelites
        • Millais' 'Madeline **********' - visual representation of 'mermaid' metephor
        • Dicksee's 'The Belle Dame Sans Merci' (1901) - luscious nature depicted
      • Neo-Classical movement based on harmony, order, restraint
        • Winkelman's   ‘Reflections on the Imitation of the Painting and Sculpture of the Greeks’  - 'noble simplicity and calm elegence
        • Canova- especially Cupid and Psyche
        • Keat's classical knowledge from Biblioteca Classica
        • Traced vases from the Musee Napoleon in Haydon's house
          • Links to sketches of Flaxman
        • Excavations of Pompeii and Herculaneum in 18th c
      • Romanticism- focus on feeling and individual experience
        • Constable- Romantic treatment of nature and atmospheric effects
        • 1818 Friedrich's Wanderer Over the Sea of Fog
          • Lone figure i.e. Byronic Hero
        • Championed revolution, imagination, the rights of man, the sublime power of nature
        • Turner's sublime nature and somewhat rejection of the industrial revolution e.g. in 'The Fighting Temeraire'
        • 'Dream Vision'- dreams as creative gateways

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