John Locke
- Created by: Olivia Grace Matthews
- Created on: 25-05-16 00:03
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- John Locke
- Prior to Government Locke imagines a state of nature
- Thus everyone is free and equal
- Everyone is bound by the law of nature
- Self-preservation
- Preserving others lives if it does not conflict with preserving your own
- Self-preservation
- Freedom
- Freedom is not just power
- Don't have liberty to destroy himself or any other creature
- Equality
- Not based on our capability or vulnerability to attack
- 'Born to all the same advantages of nature'.
- 'Should also be equal amongst one another without subordination or subjection
- Theological Foundations
- Like Hobbes, appeals to natural reason
- Adam received the earth on behalf of all humanity
- God created all people as naturally free and independent
- There is no natural subordination
- In a state of nature all are free
- Natural Law
- No one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty or possessions
- There cannot be any such supposed subordination between us
- Ought he as much as he can to preserve the rest of man kind
- Law of nature 1) Obliges everyone
- 3) declares all to be equal and free
- 4) We are forbidden from harming each other
- 5) required to preserve ourselves and others
- We do this because we are all the workmanship of God
- This is the 'fundamental law'.
- Theoretical affinity with Individualist anarchism
- Radical extension of classical liberalism
- State of Nature is full of inconveniences however:
- Lacks a judge to settle disputes
- Lacks a mean of enforcing law of nature
- Solution: Leaving state of nature to enter into a civil society
- But with limited government and one that protects natural rights to life liberty and property
- Locke = Interested in what makes a government legit
- Absolute monarchy = illegitimate
- Monarch has more power than can be rightly given
- Makes people worse off
- Absolute monarchy = illegitimate
- Prior to Government Locke imagines a state of nature
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