James I comes to the throne
Introduction to James I and Puritans in 1603 - AS level History AQA
- Created by: Clodagh
- Created on: 21-04-13 10:59
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- James I
- Background
- His mother was Mary Queen of Scots
- Lord Darnley, Mary's cousin, was James' father - he was born in 1566
- He was crowned James IV of Scotland aged 13 months
- Scotland had to be governed by regents until 1580 because James was too young to rule
- He came across as rude, unhygienic and lazy - hunting was his main priority
- Britain in 1603
- As Elizabeth had no direct heir to the throne, James had to come down from Scotland and govern both countries
- England and Scotland were two separate kingdoms
- Wales had been conquered and united by Henry VII and Ireland had also been conquered too
- Scotland didn't unite until 1707 under the rule of Anne, despite James' proposed union
- James wanted a common coinage, free trade and a new flag called the Union Jack
- Everyone was made British through naturalisation so people didn't feel different from each other
- James proclaimed himself as King of Great Britain in 1604
- Power passes through the family and as the tudors and stuarts were linked by blood, it made sense to unite the kingdoms
- James believed God intended a merge of churches as there were no barriers between kingdoms
- Scots were Presbyterian and didn't want bishops in the churches anymore, unlike the English
- Religion
- The European Reformation
- Christianity had reverted from extreme Catholicism to Protestantism after Martin Luther questioned the authority of the church
- The end of the 16th century saw a division in Europe by Catholics and Protestants
- Martin Luther had produced the Ninety-five theses
- The Effects of the Reformation in Britain
- Henry VIII
- He gave the instruction of dissolution of the monastries
- He would become Supreme Head of the Church of England
- As a consequence of rejecting the authority of the pope, England broke away from the Roman Catholic Church
- Edward VI
- He was responsible for a determined attempt at introducing a full Protestant church and ********* of the Catholic church
- Mary I
- She reversed religion back to Catholicism in England because of her loyalty to the pope
- Elizabeth I
- She restored church articles including the "Common Book of Prayer"
- She persecuted Puritans who didn't agree with her and stopped all ideas of reformation
- Henry VIII
- The Beliefs of Puritans
- Extreme Protestants believed that there should be no ceremonies, just congregations praying together with a preacher. They saw the pope as an "anti-christ"
- Their aim was to see an end to anything that could be seen as Catholic e.g bishops
- Puritanism
- Puritanism could be found in all social classes, although mainly in middle classes
- Leading courtiers of Elizabeth's reign were strong Puritans, but this was less fashionable at court in James' reign
- It was strongest in London and East Anglia as well as Gloucester. It was weaker in areas in the countryside including Devon, Cornwall and Somerset
- Puritanism could be found in all social classes, although mainly in middle classes
- The European Reformation
- Background
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