James 1
- Created by: Ah19
- Created on: 01-06-19 14:24
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- James I
- Finance
- Problems out of his control
- He had a far larger family than Elizabeth had done before him
- He inherited a debt of 420,000 from Elizabeth
- This cant really be an excuse for James’ financial problems because it was mostly covered by a grant of 300.000 in 1601
- He had to spend on his children’s wedding and funeral
- Expenditure
- 185,000 on jewels over 9 years
- The Earl of Carlisle famously told James “Spend and God will send”
- He is described as a ‘leaky cistern’
- Advisors
- Cranfields income increased from 2500 in 1614 to 28,000 in 1624
- He had not had very many relationships as a child and therefore thought that he could make more through his lavish gifting
- Attempted resolutions
- The Great Farm of customs
- Farmed out the collection of customs duties to make it more efficient
- The Great Contract 1610
- Drawn up by the Earl of Salisbury, James would surrender some of the revenue he gained through royal prerogative and in return he would get 200,000 per year.
- Parliament would also pay off his debts
- New titles created
- Created the title of baronet
- Raised £90,885 from this
- Only temporary because their value decreased to £220
- New book of rates introduced 1604
- The Great Farm of customs
- Problems out of his control
- Religion
- Hampton Court Conference
- James called this conference in response to the millenary petitin
- Changes that were made
- Reformed the Court of High Commission (set up to deal with religious issues)
- Limited Pluralism
- Introduced the new King James bible
- James worried that any change to the order of religon would threaten his position
- ‘No bishop, no King’
- Catholics
- Plots
- Main Plot 1604
- Intended to replace James with Arabella Stuart
- Gunpowder Plot 1605
- Led by Robert Catesby
- James later relaxed laws against Catholics
- James tightened laws against Catholics (couldn't travel w/o permission, couldn't be doctors or lawyers)
- Enforced recusancy fines more harshly
- Bye Plot 1603
- Main Plot 1604
- Recusancy fines
- Plots
- Religion and Foreign Policy
- Spanish Match
- James wanted his son Charles to marry the Spanish infanta maria
- Spain was a heavily Catholic country - there was a lot of hostility towards Spain
- Spanish Match
- Divine Right
- James was taught from a young age that he was in the position of monarch as God’s representative on earth
- Religious situation in 1603
- James was brought up by Presbyterians but he didnt accept their views
- Catholicism was seen as linked to Spain and therefore there was much hostility towards it
- Bancroft's Canons
- 1604
- All clergy had to subscribe to the 39 articles and abide by the prayer book
- 39 articles were the fundamental beliefs of the Anglican church
- Hampton Court Conference
- Foreign Policy
- Spanish Match
- James wanted Charles to marry the Spanish Infanta Maria
- James was offered a dowry of £500,000 to pursue the marriage
- It was unpopular because it seemed like James favoured the Catholics
- It was put off for a while
- Began again in 1623 with Buckingham's influence
- Failed because of unpopularity
- The Thirty Years War
- They asked James' son-in-law Frederick
- Archduke Ferdinand ruled harshly - the Palatinate didn't want him as their leader
- Archduke Ferdinand invaded the Palatinate
- Battle of White Mountain
- Frederick lost and had to flee to ensure his own safety
- It meant James got involved in more foreign affairs and
- Treaty of London 1604
- Concluded the Anglo-Spenish war that had been ongoing for 19 years
- Spanish Match
- Finance
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