Issues with the Classification And Diagnosis of Schizophrenia
- Created by: Emma Kwiecinska
- Created on: 24-09-13 13:25
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- Issues with the Classification and Diagnosis of Schizophrenia
- The main issues surround the validity of classification systems (CS) which in turn affects the reliability + validity of diagnosis
- Poor inter-rater reliability of diagnosis
- Cooper et al 1971
- American diagnosticians made a larger diagnosis of SZ compared to British diagnosticians
- Evaluation
- Cultural differences between USA and UK - each group may have picked up on different behaviours than the other and may consider different behaviours as "abnormal"
- The study was set in 1971, CS have had time to develop along with new research and refine their diagnostic criteria
- This means that all diagnosticians using a CS should all come to the same conclusion regarding a patient
- Cooper et al 1971
- The difference between classification systems
- DSM and ICD both have different criteria that the patient has to meet in order to be classed as SZ this reduces both validity of CS and the I-R-Reliability
- Comorbidity (Overlap with other disorders)
- Tim Crow 1991 (NOT a study!)
- The concept of the excluded middle which is the tendency to only examine patients who *clearly* meet the criteria for either SZ or bipolar disorders....
- ...Whilst ignoring schizoaffective patients suffering from both types of symptoms.
- The concept of the excluded middle which is the tendency to only examine patients who *clearly* meet the criteria for either SZ or bipolar disorders....
- If patients do not *neatly* fit into the categories created, they are diagnosed as having two different disorders (these disorders may just occur together)
- Tim Crow 1991 (NOT a study!)
- Positives of The C + D of SZ
- So people suffering can get appropriate treatment for their disorder
- Prognosis
- So patients know the:
- Severity of symptoms
- Symptoms
- Approximate duration of the disorder
- So patients know the:
- Updated along with new research to address any issues
- Ethical concerns with the C + D of SZ
- Misdiagnosis
- Labelling
- The label "SZ" is permanent and subsequently all behaviour is labelled as such, even if the person has been misdiagnosed
- Inappropriate Treatment
- Side Effects which can potentially be dangerous
- Labelling
- Misdiagnosis
- Cultural Differences
- If the clinician doesnt speak the same language as the patient, there is a risk of lack of understanding between the two parties.
- The symptoms of mental illness are already quite unclear and hard to understand so need to be described in as much detail as possible otherwise...
- ...there is a risk of misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatement
- The symptoms of mental illness are already quite unclear and hard to understand so need to be described in as much detail as possible otherwise...
- If the clinician doesnt speak the same language as the patient, there is a risk of lack of understanding between the two parties.
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