Classification and Diagnosis of SZ
- Created by: ces
- Created on: 08-01-16 09:32
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- Issues Associated with the Classification & Diagnosis of SZ
- Reliability
- the same person, presenting the same symptoms may be diagnosed by one doctor but not by another
- diagnosis varies because there are two classification systems; ICD (UK) or DSM (USA)
- in one book, symptoms must persist for 1 month, and in the other 6 months
- 5 types of SZ in one book, 7 in the other
- The aim of Cooper's experiment was to show the difference of diagnosis depending on what classification system you use.
- 250 patients at a psychiatric ward presented their symptoms to 2 groups of psychiatrists one used the ICD and the other the DCM
- The group using the ICD diagnosed 85 people with SZ, whereas the group using the DCM diagnosed 163 people with SZ, shows the difference in diagnosis rates
- 250 patients at a psychiatric ward presented their symptoms to 2 groups of psychiatrists one used the ICD and the other the DCM
- As the classification and diagnosis of SZ may have an issue with reliability, there is also an issue with validity and the accuracy and lack of consistency of the diagnosis
- Mistakes with either misdiagnosis or un-diagnosis may occur, meaning that you cannot back up a theory with unreliable data
- Validity
- SZ is difficult to diagnose accurately. Often people are misdiagnosed or go undiagnosed
- Being certain that a diagnosis of SZ is accurate can be difficult because;
- 2.Comorbidity - meaning SZ often exists alongside other psychiatric problems (commonly substance misuse - can be used to self medicate, or depression)
- 1.Symptoms can easily be confused with other disorders .e.g. bipolar
- 3.There is no objective test for it
- Rosenhan's experiments
- 1st Experiment; The Pseudo Patient Experiment
- Staff failed to spot 8 pseudo patients, once labelled with SZ, much of their behaviour was interpreted as support for diagnosis .e.g feeling of grandeur working for a well known psychologist. some had to take anti psychotic medication to be released
- 2nd Experiment; Non-Existent Imposter
- Told staff that he sent imposters to different over 3 months. 41/193 were considered imposters, however he did not send any
- 1st Experiment; The Pseudo Patient Experiment
- Once labelled SZ, everything someone does seems to exhibit SZ symptoms, meaning that it may be difficult for patients to live normally
- Negative consequences of recieving a diagnosis
- Feared and avoided due to stigma
- Biological element means patients may see little hope for recovery and may become passive recipients of care
- The Media's role of propagating the violence and SZ link
- Positive consequences of receiving a diagnosis
- Gives people access to treatment and an understanding of their problems
- 'Was like a relief'
- Untreated SZ can have poorer outcomes
- Labelliing
- Reasons the CASL want to abolish the SZ label
- Often diagnosed wrongly as there is a lack of reliability, meaning that there is no real benefit of using the label
- Damaging to those it is applied to as the disorder is mis-understood and implies dangerous and unpredictable nature.
- Being diagnosed does not necessarily lead to successful treatment as the treatment may still not work
- Farina et al
- Study shows that the stereotype associated with SZ includes being less intelligent, being unpredictable, dangerous and dirty
- This means that the consequence of the label SZ means that that many employers admit they would not knowingly employ someone with SZ
- Reasons the CASL want to abolish the SZ label
- Reliability
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