Ireland under Elizabeth I
- Created by: Becca Newman
- Created on: 30-01-20 11:27
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- Ireland under Elizabeth 1
- Situation in Ireland when inherited
- English monarch was the lord of Ireland
- But direct control was only in 'The Pale'
- The rest of Ireland was controlled by powerful Gaelic Lords
- Feudal Lords were split into Normal nobility and Gaelic nobility
- Norman nobility were descended from 12th century Norman invaders
- They intermarried with the Irish and had few English nobility ties
- Gaelic nobility were descended from Celts from Ireland, Scotland, Wales andCornwall.
- Norman nobility were descended from 12th century Norman invaders
- Ireland became a 'breeding ground for fortune hunters' (John Guy)
- People who thought they could get rich quick in Ireland
- English monarch was the lord of Ireland
- Elizabeth's attitude towards Ireland
- She wanted a policy of 'Englishness' in religious and secular matters in Ireland
- She was proclaimed Supreme Governor of the Church of Ireland in 1560
- She lacked the power to impose Protestantism on a Catholic country
- Rebellions
- Began mostly because of the fortune hunters and frequent use of martial law which led to bad relations with the feudal lords
- Rebellions broke out in South ireland in 1569 to 1573 and 1579 to 1582
- Third rebellion was harder to put down
- In 1595 the Earl of Tyrone rose up with the Spanish in attempt to exploit the Armada of 1596
- This was unsuccessful - Spanish involvement caused English unease
- Rebels were victorious at the Battle of Yellow Ford in 1598
- Tyrone + allies were now in control of most outside of the Pale.
- Seemed as though he might establish an independent Catholic Ireland with Spain's support
- Elizabeth sent the Earl of Essex to Ireland as Lord Lieutenant in 1599
- He defied the Queen's orders and made a truce with Tyrone
- When the truce expire Tyrone moved South near Kinsale on the coast hoping to link up with a Spanish army
- Under the leadership of Lord Lieutenant Mountjoy and Sir George Carew the English made good progress.
- 3000 Spanish troops landed in Kinsale in Sept 1601, but the English defeated them on Christmas Eve
- Mountjoy made a peace treaty with Tyrone in 1603
- Tyrone didn't know that by then Elizabeth had died
- Mountjoy made a peace treaty with Tyrone in 1603
- 3000 Spanish troops landed in Kinsale in Sept 1601, but the English defeated them on Christmas Eve
- Under the leadership of Lord Lieutenant Mountjoy and Sir George Carew the English made good progress.
- When the truce expire Tyrone moved South near Kinsale on the coast hoping to link up with a Spanish army
- He defied the Queen's orders and made a truce with Tyrone
- Elizabeth sent the Earl of Essex to Ireland as Lord Lieutenant in 1599
- Seemed as though he might establish an independent Catholic Ireland with Spain's support
- Tyrone + allies were now in control of most outside of the Pale.
- Rebels were victorious at the Battle of Yellow Ford in 1598
- This was unsuccessful - Spanish involvement caused English unease
- In 1595 the Earl of Tyrone rose up with the Spanish in attempt to exploit the Armada of 1596
- Began mostly because of the fortune hunters and frequent use of martial law which led to bad relations with the feudal lords
- Result of the rebellion
- Much of Ireland had been destroyed or become impoverished due to conflict
- The Crown had spent large sums of money
- Conflict left bitterness amongst the Irish population
- James I left Ireland to be ruled by the local nobility
- Situation in Ireland when inherited
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