Iran-iraq war
can be also used for igcse
- Created by: yhchin
- Created on: 13-12-15 05:35
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- Iran-iraq war
- causes
- 1980(saddam hussein)
- Khomeini called iraqis to rise against saddam.(most iraqis were shiites)
- feared that iran was plotting to overthwow him
- chance to gain territory
- seize oil
- seize coastline and ports
- iran was weak
- economy chaos
- facing western boycott
- army demoralised
- show iraq wasnt intimidated
- 1980(saddam hussein)
- war
- sep 1980
- iraq invaded and faced little resistance
- halted at iranian desert
- fired missile at cities(war of the cities
- halted at iranian desert
- iraq invaded and faced little resistance
- iraq superior firepower,iran bigger population
- iranians had 'revolutionary enthusiasm "(martyrs)
- iran recaptured all lands + cut off iraq's only sea ports
- fired missile at cities(war of the cities
- target:seize baghdad,overthrow saddam's regime so they didn't accept ceaseire)(
- iraqi forces became more united
- iran recaptured all lands + cut off iraq's only sea ports
- iranians had 'revolutionary enthusiasm "(martyrs)
- by 1984
- trench warfare
- sep 1980
- foreign involvement
- most arab states supported iraq(cuz they're sunnis)
- scared of iran:overthrowing iraq + threat to oil fields
- jordan provided inport and export routes
- port of Aqaba
- saudi,egyot,jordan and oil rich gulf states supplied money and arms to iraq
- fra,ger,soviet union,us
- sided iraq
- us kept iraq imformed of iranian troop movements.
- provided equipment,later used to make chemical weapons
- turned blind eye when used against iran
- their thoughts of iran
- controlling oil and even world oil prices
- lead to collapse of pro western regimes in the gulf
- sided iraq
- from 1986
- each side attacked eney's tankersand oil installations
- iraq controlled skies while iean had a stronger air force
- soviet offered help when iran attacked kuwaiti ships
- us provided protedtion for kuwaiti ships:to pre-empt further soviet aid and maintain its influence within oil rich gulf states
- soviet offered help when iran attacked kuwaiti ships
- iran cut off iraq's acess to the gulf through Shatt al arab waterway
- us destroyed much of iranian navy and provided protection for iraqi ships.
- most arab states supported iraq(cuz they're sunnis)
- ceasefire,1988
- iran accepted ceasefire
- only a truce,both sides continued to re-arm
- economy down,martyrs subsided,faced with a possiblity of direct war with usa.
- deaths
- half a million iraqis
- a million iranians
- both sides hoped for minority groups within enemy countries to rise up
- didn't happen
- iran accepted ceasefire
- consequences
- iran
- suffered widespread destruction
- still had 55 million population
- still a major power
- oil revenue dropped
- didn't suceed in spreading its shiite brand of islam
- more scientifical advances sice war
- suffered widespread destruction
- iraq
- suffered extensive damage
- heath ,education,economy and society suffered
- life expectancy fell
- heath ,education,economy and society suffered
- no post-war recovery
- value of oil exports declined
- people in oil industry lost their jobs
- army officers felt cheated and blamed saddam for lost
- people in oil industry lost their jobs
- thousands of soldiers demobilised
- more unemployment
- riots and strikes despite police and army
- some done in mosques,beyong control of police and army
- value of oil exports declined
- $80 billion debts
- yet saddam spent on arms instead of rebuilding country
- several attempts to overthrow saddam
- many officers executed for conspiracy
- suffered extensive damage
- iran
- causes
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