Ionic bonding
- Created by: iloverevision:)
- Created on: 18-03-19 11:26
View mindmap
- Ionic Bonding
- Ions
- electrons transferred from 1 atom to another
- simplest are atoms which have lost or gained 1,2 or 3 electrons so they have a full outer shell
- elements in same group all have same number of outer electrons
- they lose/gain same number to get full outer shell
- form ions with same charges
- they lose/gain same number to get full outer shell
- group 1 lose 1 electron to form 1+ ions
- group 2 lose 2 electrons to form 2+ ions
- group 6 elements gain 2 electrons to form 2- ions
- group 7 elements gain 1 electron to form 1- ions
- Ionic Compounds
- electrostatic attraction holds positive & negative ions together - very strong
- when atoms are held together in lattice - ionic bonding
- oppositely charged ions come together & form ionic bonds - ionic compounds
- e.g. sodium chloride
- NaCl - sodium atom loses electron to form Na+ ion & each chlorine gains an electron to form Cl- ion
- made up of Na+ ions & Cl- ions held together by electrostatic attraction in 1:1 ratio
- Giant Ionic Lattices
- ionic crystals are giant lattices of ions
- 'giant' because it is made up of the same basic unit repeated over & over again
- e.g. sodium chloride
- Behaviour of Ionic Compounds
- electrical conductivity
- conduct electricity when molten/dissolved
- ions in liquid are free to move & they carry a charge
- melting point
- high melting point
- giant ionic lattices are held together by strong electrostatic forces
- takes loads of energy to overcome these forces so melting points are very high
- giant ionic lattices are held together by strong electrostatic forces
- high melting point
- solubility
- tend to dissolve in water
- water molecules are polar
- water molecules pull ions away from lattice & cause it to dissolve
- water molecules are polar
- tend to dissolve in water
- electrical conductivity
- Ions
Similar Chemistry resources:
Teacher recommended
Comments
No comments have yet been made