investigating selection
- Created by: Margaret Hobart
- Created on: 16-05-21 12:21
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- investigating selection
- genome sequencing
- entire base sequences of organisms can be determined
- this can be compared to other organisms to see how closely related they are
- as mRNA sequences are complementary to DNA, we can read mRNA to see how closely related they are
- entire base sequences of organisms can be determined
- proteins
- comparing amino acid sequences
- proteins are made of amino acids which are coded for by DNA base sequences
- related organisms have similar DNA base sequences and thus similar amino acid sequences
- proteins are made of amino acids which are coded for by DNA base sequences
- immunological comparisons
- similar proteins bind to the same antibodies
- e.g. if antibodies to a human version of a protein are added to isolated samples from another species, any protein that's like the human version will be recognised
- similar proteins bind to the same antibodies
- comparing amino acid sequences
- observable characteristics
- As observable features are determined by DNA and proteins, it is a useful way of seeing similarities and differences
- Most observable features are polygenic - coded for by more than one gene
- Observable features can be changed by the environment, so not reflective of DNA differences
- genome sequencing
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