Introduction to Computer Systems
- Created by: amanxo
- Created on: 19-10-20 17:17
View mindmap
- Introduction to Computer Systems
- History of Computers
- Generation Zero
- Calculating Clock 1600
- Schickard
- Add/subtract 6 digits
- Charles Babbage
- Difference Engine
- "Method of differences" calculating technique
- Polynomials
- Analytical Engine
- Any mathematical problem
- ALU / Mill
- Memory / Store
- I/O
- Lovelace
- Programmed for any input
- Jacquard
- Punched cards used as input
- Difference Engine
- Calculating Clock 1600
- First Generation - VTC
- ENIAC
- All electronic
- General purpose
- 17,000 vacuum tubes
- 174 kW of power
- 1800 square feet
- 1000 bits
- Problems
- Space inefficiency
- So much power for such little memory
- ENIAC
- Second Generation - Transistorised Computer
- Transistors
- Solid state switch
- Open/close by electrical signals
- Solid state switch
- Televisions, radio, computers
- Small, fast, less power
- Still bulky
- First IBM
- Transistors
- Third Generation - Integrated Circuit Computers
- Dozens of MOS Transistors
- Fast, small, cheap
- Processing power
- Fourth Generation - VLSI
- 10k transistors per chip
- IBM PC
- Mac - graphics
- Modern
- SoC
- GPU
- New memory
- Generation Zero
- von Neumann
- Stored program digital computer
- Program instruction and data in RAM
- Components
- CU
- ALU
- Registers
- Main Memory
- I/O
- Sequential Instruction Processing
- Initially a single Datapath
- ALU
- Main memory
- von Neumann bottleneck
- Registers
- Control information that allows instructions to be executed
- Fetch Decode Execute
- CU fetches next instruction from memory
- Decode
- Required operands fetched from memory to registers
- ALU executes
- Result stored in registers or main memory
- Improvements
- Separate Buses
- Floating point unit
- Cache memory
- Number of cores
- System bus model
- Components
- Controller
- Connects system bus to hardware and software
- Main System
- CPU
- RAM
- I/O Ports
- Motherboards have expansion cards
- High performance buses
- Graphics Card
- NIC
- High performance buses
- Motherboards have expansion cards
- Input
- Keyboard
- Mouse
- I/O
- Touch screen
- Ethernet
- Output
- Monitor
- Speakers
- Controller
- Moore's Law
- Transistors will double every 18(24) months
- Abstraction
- Complex systems
- Layering of Computer System
- Hardware
- System Software and OS
- Application Software
- Users
- History of Computers
Comments
No comments have yet been made