Interactionist Approach for SZ

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  • Created by: 0045253
  • Created on: 11-06-22 15:36
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  • Interactionist Approach
    • Explanation for SZ (Diathesis-Stress Model)
      • Argues that both a vulnerability to schizophrenia and a stress trigger are necessary for schizophrenia to develop. 
      • Vulnerability was originally thought to be genetic but now includes childhood trauma, which might have affected brain development.
      • A stress trigger would be any negative psychological experiences e.g., breakdown of relationships, academic pressure.
    • Treatment
      • Combines anti-psychotic medication with a psychological therapy, most commonly CBT.
        • Most effective way to treat SZ
      • The antipsychotic medication will reduce symptoms, so that they can engage with psychological treatment, which enables them to cope with their symptoms.
    • STRENGTH
      • P - Takes a holistic approach
        • E - By using the diathesis-stress model, it suggests that SZ cannot be explained by reducing it down to basic elements, like genetic inheritance.
          • E - Any explanation must also include a variety of psychological and social factors
            • L - If this is the case, then the most effective treatment for SZ will also be holistic.
      • P - A practical application is it has led to effective treatment of SZ
        • E - Tarrier (2004) randomly allocated 315 patients to drugs + CBT, drugs + counselling and drugs alone (control group)
          • E - Patients who had biological and psychological therapies combined showed lower symptoms levels than the control group.
            • L - This shows that there's a clear practical advantage to adopting the interactionist approach for SZ
    • WEAKNESS
      • P - The original model of diathesis-stress is over-simplistic
        • E - The original model outlines a single schizogene and schizophrenic parenting style but research has indicated that there're multiple gene (polygenic gene) and environmental triggers.
          • E - For example, much of the recent research into factors triggering an episode of SZ has concerned cannabis use because it increases the risk by up to 7 times.
            • L - Therefore, vulnerability and stress don't have one single source as originally predicted by the diathesis-stress model,
      • P - Doesn't fully explain SZ
        • E - There's strong evidence to suggest some underlying vulnerability coupled with stress can lead to SZ.
          • E - The mechsnisms by which the symptoms of SZ appear and how both vulnerability and stress produce them is currently not understood.
            • L - This means that further research is needed to fully explain and treat SZ effectively

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