Interactionism
- Created by: Luca Perryman
- Created on: 21-10-18 12:57
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- Interactionism
- Micro theory focusing on what happens in schools and classrooms
- Labeling
- Process of attaching a definition to an individual group
- E.g. a teacher may label a student a 'troublemaker'
- Becker (1971): interviewed 60 Chicago high school teachers.
- Found they judged pupils on how closely they were to the 'ideal pupil'
- Can be by appearance: race, gender, age
- E.g. sixth form students = better behaved
- Dunne + Gazelely (2008)
- Interviewed 9 English secondary schools
- Teachers 'normalized' working class underachievement
- Led to class differences in how teachers dealt with pupils under-achieving
- Middle class- setting extension work. Working class- entering for easier exam
- Led to class differences in how teachers dealt with pupils under-achieving
- Teachers 'normalized' working class underachievement
- Interviewed 9 English secondary schools
- Rist (1970): found that the 'clowns' were seated further away. 'Tigers' = middle class neat pupils
- Self- fulfilling prophecy
- Pupil internalizes the label + conforms to the teacher's prediction
- Roosenthal + Jacobson (1968)
- Oak community school told they were given a test to highlight the pupils to 'spurt' ahead
- 20% picked randomly + then told the school falsely that the test shown these were the ones to ''spurt' ahead
- Researches returned year later and found 47% of those identified made significant progress
- 20% picked randomly + then told the school falsely that the test shown these were the ones to ''spurt' ahead
- Oak community school told they were given a test to highlight the pupils to 'spurt' ahead
- Streaming
- Douglas
- Children placed in higher streams at 8yrs old had improved their IQ score by age 11
- Children placed in lower streams at 8yrs old had suffered a decline in their IQ score by age 11
- Youdell (2004): educational triage
- Those who will pass anyway
- Borderline C/D pupils- targeted for extra help
- Hopeless cases
- Douglas
- Pupil subcultures
- A group of pupils who share similar values + behaviour patterns
- Ball: Beachside comprehensive (1981)
- Abolished banding
- Pupils in lower streams developed anti-school subculture
- Hargreaves (1967)
- 'Social relations in a secondary school'
- Students in lower sets = trouble markers
- 'Social relations in a secondary school'
- Colin Lacey (1970): 'Hightown grammar'
- Lower streams in grammar schools --> anti-group culture in response to failure
- Peter Woods: study of 'Lowfield'
- More complex approach to schools: pupils deal with school life in a variety of was
- Ingratiation: teacher's pet
- Ritualism: staying out of trouble
- Retreatism: daydreaming + mucking about
- More complex approach to schools: pupils deal with school life in a variety of was
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