Intelligence and IQ testing
- Created by: grxcechild
- Created on: 04-04-19 17:04
View mindmap
- Intelligence and IQ testing
- Origins of intelligence testing
- Binet (1905)
- developed a test of mental age
- Louis Terman & the birth of IQ
- developed the Stanford-Binet test (1916)
- IQ = (Mental age / Chronological age) x 100
- issues :(
- can't test intelligence if there's disagreement about what it is?
- Binet (1905)
- One thing or many?
- Unitary view- intelligence is one thing
- Multi-factorial view- intelligence is made up of multiple factors
- Spearman's 'g' factor
- all have an ability in common
- g = general intelligence
- the scores on specific aspects - 's' factors e.g. spatial, numerical, mechanical and verbal
- found positive correlations between scores on different tests
- factor analysis
- statistical technique which can be used to find subsets of questions that go together in a psychometric test
- Measuring 'g'
- The Wechsler tests
- each scale assessed g and made two sub-measures: verbal and performance
- some Qs rely on culture
- Raven's Progressive Matrices
- measured 'g' as an abstract ability
- relied on non-verbal problems so minimised influence of culture
- Thurstone's (1938) Primary Mental Abilities
- disagreed with 'g' as a solitary factor
- tested and found there are seven separate factors, they operate independently of each other
- reasoning, spatial, perceptual speed, numerical ability, verbal comprehension, word fluency, associative memory and reasoning
- tested and found there are seven separate factors, they operate independently of each other
- disagreed with 'g' as a solitary factor
- The Wechsler tests
- Cattell's (1967) crystallised and fluid intelligence
- crystallised- acquired skills and knowledge gained through experience
- increases with age and experience
- fluid- basic info processing and abstract thinking ability
- present from birth, stabilises in adulthood, decreases in old age
- crystallised- acquired skills and knowledge gained through experience
- Gardner's (1983) multiple intelligences
- proposed 9 intelligence's, favoured practical activities that involve all the 5 senses
- rejected traditional IQ tests
- naturalistic, intraversional, visual-spatial, musical, kinesthetic, interpersonal, verbal-linguistic, logical-mathematical
- later added naturalist and existentialist
- Origins of intelligence testing
Comments
No comments have yet been made