Insulin and Diabetes

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  • Created by: alexda
  • Created on: 08-05-14 16:42
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  • Insulin and Diabetes
    • Eating causes blood glucose levels to rise.
    • Vigorous exercise causes blood glucose levels to fall.
    • Type 1 diabetes is a condition where the pancreas produces little or no insulin. It can be controlled by:
      • 1. Avoiding foods rich in simple carbohydrates (sugar) which can cause glucose levels to rise rapidly.
      • 2. Injecting insulin into the blood at meal times. This will make the liver remove glucose as soon as it enters the blood from the gut, when the food is being digested.
        • Regular exercise and maintaining a healthy diet reduces the amount of insulin that needs to be injected.
    • Type 2 diabetes is a condition where the liver has become resistant to insulin.
      • Type 2 diabetes can be controlled by a healthy diet, regular exercise and losing weight if needed.
    • Blood glucose level TOO HIGH - INSULIN is ADDED
      • 1. Pancreas detects change and starts secreting insulin into the blood.
        • 2. Insulin makes liver store glucose as glycogen.
          • 3. Glucose removed by liver and blood glucose reduced so pancreas stops secreting insulin.
    • Blood glucose level TOO LOW - GLUCAGON is ADDED
      • 1. Pancreas detects change so it starts secreting glucagon into the blood.
        • 2. Glucagon makes liver turn glycogen into glucose.
          • 3. Glucose added by liver. Blood glucose increased so pancreas stops secreting glucagon.

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