Gas exchange
- Created by: emma
- Created on: 10-03-14 21:52
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- Gas exchange
- Insects
- Limit water loss
- Waterproof covering over body
- Small surface area to volume ratio
- Movement of oxygen
- O2 enters spiracles into tracheae then spiracle closes
- O2 diffuses through tracheae into tracheoles
- O2 delivered directly to tissue (short diffusion distance)
- O2 diffuses through tracheae into tracheoles
- O2 enters spiracles into tracheae then spiracle closes
- Oxygen diffusion
- Tissues respire using O2
- O2 moves from high conc to low from tracheae to tissue
- Lowers O2 conc in tracheae so O2 moves into tracheae from outside spiracles
- O2 moves from high conc to low from tracheae to tissue
- Tissues respire using O2
- Carbondioxide
- Respiration produces CO2 increasing conc at tissue
- CO2 moves from a high to low conc from tissue to tracheae
- Then from high to low con from tracheae to outside spiracle
- CO2 moves from a high to low conc from tissue to tracheae
- Respiration produces CO2 increasing conc at tissue
- Limit water loss
- Fish
- Many lamellae and many filaments for large surface area
- Thin epithelium for short diffusion distance
- Counter current maintains concentration gradient between blood and water
- Blood flow and water in opposite directions
- ensures diffusion can take place across entire gill surface
- Blood flow and water in opposite directions
- Plants
- Adaptations of leaf
- Flat (large surface area)
- Stomata pores allow air into leaf
- Air spaces in leaf provide a short diffusion distance
- Diffusion of CO2
- Diffusion of O2
- Mesophyll cells produce O2 in photosynthesis
- O2 diffuses into air spaces from cell (high to low conc)
- Increases O2 conc in air spaces so O2 diffuse from air spaces to air through stomata
- O2 diffuses into air spaces from cell (high to low conc)
- Mesophyll cells produce O2 in photosynthesis
- Xerophytic
- Reduce number of stomata
- Less surface area for water loss
- Hairs to trap water vapour
- Reduce concentration gradient
- Rolled leaves
- Reduce concentration gradient
- Leaves reduced to spines
- Less surface area for water loss
- Thick waxy cuticles
- Increased diffusion distance
- Reduce number of stomata
- Adaptations of leaf
- Single celled organisms
- Diffusion for gas exchanges
- Have large surface area to volume ratio
- Insects
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