Inorganic Ion

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  • Inorganic Ions
    • What are ions?
      • atom or group of atoms that has an electrical charge
        • an ion with a positive charge is called a cation
    • What is an inorganic ion?
      • does not contain carbon (few exceptions)
      • in solution, in cytoplasm of cells & in bodily fluid of organisms
      • each has specific role depending on its properties
        • role determines whether it is found in high or low concentrations
    • Iron ions in haemoglobin
      • haemoglobin - large protein that carries oxygen around body in red blood cells
        • made up of 4 different polypeptide chains - each with an iron ion at centre (Fe 2 +)
          • the iron ion is what binds to oxygen in haemoglobin
            • when oxygen is bound - Fe 2+ ion temporarily becomes an Fe 3+ ion - until oxygen is released
    • Hydrogen ions
      • pH is calculated based on concentration of H+ ions in environment
        • the more H+ present the lower the pH & more acidic the environment
        • enzyme-controlled reactions are all affected by pH
    • Sodium ions
      • glucose & amino acids need a bit of help crossing cell membranes
        • a molecule of glucose or an amino acid can be transported into a cell across cell-surface membranes alongside sodium ions
          • known as co-transport
    • Phosphate ions
      • when a phosphate ion is attached to another molecule, it is known as a phosphate group
        • DNA, RNA & ATP all contain phosphate groups
        • its the bonds between phosphate groups that store energy in ATP

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