Influences of Taft, Bryan, Roosevelt, populism and progressivism

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  • The ideas and influence of
    • Bryan
      • Looses the presidential election to Mckinley
      • Populist party- McKinley used dirty tricks against his including using a wealthy business man to smear the reputation of Bryan
    • Roosevelt
      • Anti trust measures
        • Made the Sherman Antitrust act (restricted trade between foreign nations was illegal) of 1890 more tough made the Northern Securities company illegal
        • 1903 Department of commerce and labor act- given power to collect any data from companies that dealt in interstate commerce which regulated monopolies and price fixing
        • The 1906 Hepburn Act gave a federal government power to inspect railroad books and their maximum rates of charge
      • Roosevelt intervened in the Anthracite coal strike of 1902 who wanted better wages and a 8 hour day. he got both sides together and compromised for a 9 hour day and higher wages- obtained justice and fair play
      • 150 million acres were put on federal rserves and put in a national conservation conference
      • 1906 Pure food and Drug Act ended food adulteration
    • Taft
      • initiated 80 antitrust suits twice as many as Roosevelt, an 8 hour day for government employees and mine safety legislation
      • Federal Income and Corporation tax
      • Resented Roosevelts involvement and gained opposition by sacking Pinchot the great conservationist and aligned himself with the Conservative wing of the Republican party.
      • Roosevelt saw Taft's unwilling to reform and so made his own party -New Nationalism and ran against Taft however Taft has control of the party machine- Roosevelt left for the progressive and left a split in the Republican party
    • Populism
      • people who werent benefitting from the economic growth eg Farmers, working people and supporters of silver-opposed Big Business
      • Silver- Bimetallisits had the idea for currency to be based on silver as well as gold because the value of gold had gone down and the value of silver had gone up
        • Sherman Silver purchase act 1890- meant that gov would buy 4,500,000 ounces of silver each month to use in the production of coinage
          • Cleveland opposed this and got rid of it in 1896 angered supporters of silver
      • Farmers- falling prices in cotton an wheat and high tariffs on foreign goods meant that people wouldn't buy us goods and they faced competiton with European markets.
      • Didn't do very well against the two main parties when Weaver stood for president- 1 million votes
      • Aims- Regulation of railways, farm prices- graduated income tax so would take away tariffs as a main source of gov income and rich people would be taxed more and encourage more exports-maximum eight hour working day- silver as well as gold in currency
    • Progressivism
      • Theodore Roosevelt, Taft and Wilson were seen as progressive presidents
      • Concerned with the regulation of Big Business, political reform and social reform
      • Responsible for amendments to the constitution, radical reforms and changes to the role of government
      • Emerged because of- Recession 1893 fall in wages, Poverty, 72 hour working week no sick pay etc, opposed corrupt political parties, Regulate BB, social media exposing American society, fear of revolution with trade unions growing and strikes that often turned violent
      • Aims- votes for women, Greater role of federal government, Regulated business eg hours and rigged prices, benefits for those who cant work, prohibition

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