Individual differences in stress: hardiness
- Created by: Leena Cox-Cowie
- Created on: 26-09-18 16:17
View mindmap
- Individual differences in stress: hardiness
- Susanne Kobasa: hardiness is a set of characteristics that some people have while others don’t.
- Salvatore Maddi: hardiness gives us existential courage to keep going despite all the set backs life throws at us.
- The Three Cs
- Commitment:hardy people are deeply involved in their selves, relationships and activities no matter how easy or hard they are.
- Challenge: hardy people are resilient and respond to change in a positive way, they see it as an opportunity or challenge.
- Control: hardy people have a strong belief in free will rather than determinism, they actively strive to influence their environments
- Research into hardiness: Kobasa (1979) & Maddi (1987)
- Kobasa: measured the life changes of 670 males aged 40-49. Used ‘schedule or recent experiences’ to identify who has stressful experiences with the last 3 years. Looked at absenteeism records and levels of illness.
- Findings: some appeared more resilient because they could tolerate high levels of stress without being absent or falling ill. When assessed, they scored highly on the Three Cs.
- Maddi: longitudinal study, 400 managers at telephone company. The company underwent reorganisationand many people lost their jobs.
- Untitled
- Untitled
- Findings: decline in performance and health in 2/3 of participants. Other 1/3 became happier and more fulfilled at work. These scored highly on the Three Cs.
- Kobasa: measured the life changes of 670 males aged 40-49. Used ‘schedule or recent experiences’ to identify who has stressful experiences with the last 3 years. Looked at absenteeism records and levels of illness.
- Susanne Kobasa: hardiness is a set of characteristics that some people have while others don’t.
Comments
No comments have yet been made