SUPERPOWERS - indirect mechanisms of power

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  • Indirect mechanisms of power
    • Political
      • dominance of international decision making within UN, G7, WTO etc.
      • influence can be disproportionate.
    • Economic
      • using trade blocs and trade deals to create economic alliances which created interdependence between like-minded countries.
    • Cultural
      • the use of global media (TV, film, music) arts, culture and global TNC brands to spread ideology and values to consumers.
    • Military
      • threat of large, powerful armed forces
      • selective arms trading that provides weapons to key allies
    • Cold War
      • Between USA and USSR from 1945 to 1990, due to communism and USA trying to remove it.
      • Military alliances (USA and NATO) (USSR and Warsaw Pact)
      • foreign aid to 'buy' support from emerging nations
      • support for corrupt developing nations in return for support for the superpower.
    • Neo-colonialism
      • a debt-aid relationship where developing countries are in debt to developed countries, but still depend on foreign-aid.
      • poor terms of trade - developing countries export cheap goods (coffee, fruit) but still have to import expensive manufactured goods from developed countries.
      • loss of most productive and bright people to migrate to developed countries when possible.
      • China has been accused of Neo-colonial acts over Africa.

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