improving the accuracy of eyewitness testimony
ci, eci, spi
- Created by: Humanur
- Created on: 06-06-21 14:59
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- improving the accuracy of eyewitness testimony
- why someone might forget
- anxiety
- interference
- retrieval failure
- leading questions
- post event discussion
- standard police interview
- questions are quick
- question order doesn't match the witnesses mental representation
- not able to talk freely
- cognitive interview
- context reinstatement
- report everything
- recall from a different perspective
- recall in reverse order
- enhanced cognitive interview
- witness controlling the flow
- no disruptions
- open ended questions
- reminded not to guess - 'I don't know'is an option
- try to reduce
- eye contact
- research
- Milne and Bull
- argue that 'report everything' and 'reinstating context' really helps improve recall
- Geiselman et al
- ci was more effective than the spi
- eci was thought to be even more effective
- ci was more effective than the spi
- for eci
- Verkampt and Ginet
- compared to ci to spi to mci on 229 children after a painting exercise
- ci and mci were better than spi mostly because the order could be disrupted
- compared to ci to spi to mci on 229 children after a painting exercise
- Coker
- found good evidence that the eci could produce very good ewt when compared to the ci
- but noted that results were better one week after the event rather than immediately
- this shows that the timing of interviews are crucial
- but noted that results were better one week after the event rather than immediately
- found good evidence that the eci could produce very good ewt when compared to the ci
- Verkampt and Ginet
- Milne and Bull
- evaluation
- strength: the ci is evidence that it works
- a meta analysis by Kohnkental, 55 studies
- comparing ci and eci with spi
- only 4% increase in accuracy
- comparing ci and eci with spi
- counterpoint: Kohnken et al also found an increase in the amount of the accuracy recalled by participants
- eci produced more incorrect information than the ci
- ci= quantity -> quality of ewt
- eci produced more incorrect information than the ci
- a meta analysis by Kohnkental, 55 studies
- limitation: the original ci is that not all of its elements are equally effective or useful
- Milne and Bull
- each of the 4 techniques alone produced more information than the spi
- report everything and reinstate context produced best recall
- each of the 4 techniques alone produced more information than the spi
- Milne and Bull
- limitation: police officers may be reluctant to use the ci because it takes time and training
- this suggests that the ci as it is exists is not as realistic
- might be better to focus on key elements instead
- this suggests that the ci as it is exists is not as realistic
- strength: the ci is evidence that it works
- why someone might forget
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