respiratory and cardiovascular diseases
- Created by: Elle99
- Created on: 23-11-17 09:22
View mindmap
- impact of training on lifestyle diseases
- cardiovascular system
- CVD
- all diseases of the heart and blood circulation
- atherosclerosis
- fatty plaque builds up in walls of arteries causing walls to harden and lumen to narrow
- reduces blood flow, increase risk of blood clots
- arterial walls are thick, reducing ability to vasodilator and vasoconstrict
- hypertension
- blood pressure above 140/90mmgh
- resulting in major strain on the heart
- blood pressure above 140/90mmgh
- hypertension
- fatty plaque builds up in walls of arteries causing walls to harden and lumen to narrow
- coronary heart disease
- fatty plaque builds up in coronary arteries, causing them o narrow and reduce blood supple
- heart attack or angina
- partial blockage of a coronary artery causing chest pain, lack of o2 to heart
- heart attack or angina
- fatty plaque builds up in coronary arteries, causing them o narrow and reduce blood supple
- heart attack
- piece of faytty plaque breaks away cause a blood clot
- Stroke
- 3 types
- ischaemic stroke: blockage of o2 to brain
- haemorrhage stroke: bleed in or around brain
- TIA: mini ischaemic stroke, symptoms last for less than 24 hrs
- temporary blockage
- caused by blockage in a verbal artsy
- caused by blood vessel bursting within or on surface on brain
- 3 types
- atherosclerosis
- all diseases of the heart and blood circulation
- MAIN CAUSES
- sedentary lifestyle
- inactive
- smoking
- damages lining of arteries
- fatty deposits, narrowing
- damages lining of arteries
- obsesity
- cholesterol deposit lead to narrowing
- sedentary lifestyle
- SOLUTIONS
- regular training and lifestyle choices
- reduce levels of blood lipids and overall cholesterol
- increase proportion of HDL to LDL cholesterol
- slow development go artherosclerosis
- increase proportion of HDL to LDL cholesterol
- prevent hardening and loss of elasticity in arterial walls
- due to vasoconstriction and vasodilation
- slow atherosclerosis and hypertension
- due to vasoconstriction and vasodilation
- decrease blood viscosity and resistance of blood flow
- help prevent blood clots and reduce blood pressure
- increase coronary circulation
- coronary arteries gain increased diameter and density
- reduce heart attack
- coronary arteries gain increased diameter and density
- cardiac hypertrophy
- increased ventricular contractility
- increase SV
- increase efficiency of heart
- lower resting HR
- less strain on the heart
- lower blood pressure
- reduce heart attack
- lower blood pressure
- less strain on the heart
- lower resting HR
- increase efficiency of heart
- increase SV
- increased ventricular contractility
- decrease body fat
- help to manage weight
- reduce strain on heart
- help to manage weight
- increased blood flow
- increased oxygen transportation
- easier to exercise and reduce onset fatigue
- reduce strain on heart, lower blood pressure
- increased EDV
- more blood enters ventricles
- decreased ESV
- complete emptying
- increased EDV
- reduce strain on heart, lower blood pressure
- easier to exercise and reduce onset fatigue
- increased oxygen transportation
- reduce risk of stroke by 27%
- CVD
- respiratory system
- respiratory disease
- one or more diseases of the airways or alveoli
- asthma
- constriction of the bronchial airways and inflammation of the mucous membranes
- restrict airways and limit breathing
- symptoms
- shortness of breath, coughing, wheezing, tight chest
- triggers
- drying of airway membranes, presence of an allergen (fumes)
- exercise induced asthma
- air is cold and dry ( winter sports)
- control
- inhalers, warmups, respiratory muscle training
- breathing exercises to increase strength and endurance of respiratory muscles
- inhalers, warmups, respiratory muscle training
- constriction of the bronchial airways and inflammation of the mucous membranes
- COPD
- chronic, obstructive, pulmonary, disease
- several conditions of the lungs
- air ways inflamed and narrows
- leading to
- thickening of bronchiole walls
- increased mucus production
- damage to alveoli
- decrease lung tissue elasticity
- leading to
- air ways inflamed and narrows
- several conditions of the lungs
- symptoms
- shortness of breath/mucuscough/ wheezing/ tight chest
- chest infections and reduced lung capcacity
- shortness of breath/mucuscough/ wheezing/ tight chest
- causes
- smoking, asthma, long term inflammation of airways, decreased elasticity and permanent narrowing
- treatment
- exercise and medication
- chronic, obstructive, pulmonary, disease
- effect of training
- increased respiratory strength
- decreases respiratory effort
- alleviates symptoms of asthma
- decreases respiratory effort
- decrease resting and sub max breathing frequency
- reduce onset of fatigue
- inspiratory muscle training- increase air flow and alleviate breathlessness
- reduce necessity for medication and enhancing quality of life
- strengthens respiratory muscles
- inspiration
- REST: external intercostal
- exercise: rectus abdominus
- expiration
- rest: internal intercostal
- exercise: pectoralis major
- inspiration
- maintain full use of lung tissue and elasticity
- crease risk of infection
- increase SA of alveoli and pulmonary capillaries,
- maximising efficiency of gaseous exchange
- and health of respiratory membranes
- internal/ external respiration
- steeper diffusion gradient
- internal/ external respiration
- and health of respiratory membranes
- maximising efficiency of gaseous exchange
- increased respiratory strength
- respiratory disease
- cardiovascular system
Comments
No comments have yet been made