Science // Biology // B1 // Immunisation & Vaccination // Part 2 //
- Created by: ameburrell9
- Created on: 17-11-14 17:06
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- Immunisation & Vacination
- Vaccines and boosters
- Vaccines in early childhood can give protection against many diseases.
- Sometimes more than on vaccine is given at once, like the MMR triple vaccine against mumps, measles, and rubella
- Some vaccine boosters are need, because the immune response "memory" weakens over time.
- For example, Anti-tetanus injections may need to be repeated every ten years
- Mutations of bacteria and viruses
- Some bacteria and viruses mutate very quickly.
- This means that vaccines developed to protect against these pathogens no longer work so effectively
- When this happens, an epidemic occurs where lots of people become ill and infected and sometimes die.
- For example bird flu.
- A new vaccine has to be developed to protect against these new forms of pathogen
- When this happens, an epidemic occurs where lots of people become ill and infected and sometimes die.
- This means that vaccines developed to protect against these pathogens no longer work so effectively
- Some bacteria and viruses mutate very quickly.
- Antibiotics
- Antibiotics are substances that kill bacteria or stop their growth.
- They dont work against viruses; it is difficult to develop drugs that kill viruses without damaging the body tissue.
- Common anitibiotics
- Penicillin
- Breaks down cell walls
- The first antibiotic discovered in 1928
- Erythromycin
- Stops protein synthesis
- Neomycin
- Stop protein synthesis
- Vancomycin
- Stops protein synthesis
- Ciprofloxacin
- Stops DNA replication
- Penicillin
- Bacterial strains can develip resistance to antibiotics, this happens during natural selection
- Vaccines and boosters
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