Indentifying and Analysing Substances C3.4
- Created by: Clare Parry
- Created on: 05-05-15 18:04
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- IDENTIFYING AND ANALYISING SUBSTANCES
- FLAME TESTS
- Lithium Chloride =RED
- Sodium Chloride =YELLOW
- Potassium Chloride =LILAC
- Calcium Chloride =BRICK RED
- Barium Chloride =GREEN
- ADD NaOH SOLOUTION (PPT= PRECIPITATE)
- Aluminium 3+ ion=WHITE PPT THAT IS SOLUBLE (DISSOLVES) IN EXCESS NaOH
- Calcium 2+ ion=THICK WHITE PPT
- Copper 2+ ion= BLUE PPT
- Iron 2+ ion= GREEN/ BROWN PPT
- Iron 3+ ion= ORANGE/BROWN PPT (RUST)
- Magnesium 2+ ion= THICK WHITE PPT
- CARBONATE AND SULFATE TESTS
- Carbonate ion (CO3) charge of 2-
- Add a small amount if dilute acid to substance
- CO2 produced
- Carbonate ion + dilute acid = FIZZING (EFFERVESCENCE)
- METAL CARBONATE + ACID ---> METAL SALT + WATER +CO2
- MCO3 + HA---> MA +H2O +CO2
- Confirmatory test= pass gas through limewater (Calcium hydroxide solution)
- Na2CO3 + 2HCl ---> 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
- Add a small amount if dilute acid to substance
- Sulfate ion (SO4) charge of 2-
- Add a few drops of Barium Chloride to substance
- Sulfate ion + Barium Chloride = WHITE PPT
- Unlike Barium Chloride, the BARIUM SULFATE is INSOLUBLE
- SULFATE + BARIUM CHLORIDE ----> METAL CHLORIDE + BARIUM SULFATE
- MSO4 + BaCl ---> MCl + BaSO4
- Mg SO4 + BaCl2 ---> MgCl2 + BaSO4
- MSO4 + BaCl ---> MCl + BaSO4
- Carbonate ion (CO3) charge of 2-
- HALIDE TESTS
- Halide ions (GROUP 7) can be detected using SILVER NITRATE
- The SILVER HALIDE that forms in the reaction with SILVER NITRATE is insoluble and the colour of the ppt identifies the halide ions present
- Chloride = WHITE PPT
- Bromide = CREAM PPT
- Iodide = YELLOW PPT
- FLAME TESTS
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