Hydrogen bonding
- Created by: Rebecca Neal
- Created on: 04-06-13 10:41
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- Hydrogen bonding
- Features
- There is a large dipole between a small hydrogen atom and a highly electronegative aom (such as O, F or N).
- The small H atom is able to approach close to other atoms to form the hydrogen bond.
- There needs to be a lone pair of electrons on an O, F or N atom which the hydrogen can line up with.
- Each hydrogen atom aquires a partial positive charge because it is bonded to a highly electronegative atom.
- The effects of hydrogen bonding
- Compounds with hydrogen bonding have higher boiling points than compounds with similar relative molecular masses that do not.
- Solubility: molecules can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, allowing the two substances to mix.
- Hydrogen bonding also affects viscosity of liquids. More viscous liquids have more hydrogen bonding.
- Dissolving polymers
- The reason why polymers dissolve in water comes from their structure.
- They need to have the ability to form hydrogen bonds.
- The -OH groups on the polymer chain can hydrogen bond with water molecules, so the polymer is soluble.
- The polymer will become less water soluble as the proportion of -OH groups decreases.
- Uses: washing tablets, stitches, tablets, maggot bags, seeds, bags for bed linen in hospitals.
- The reason why polymers dissolve in water comes from their structure.
- Features
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