hydrocarbons and polymers

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  • Hydrocarbons and polymers
    • Alkanes(saturated hydrocarbon)
      • carbon is bonded to 4 other atoms and are all single bonds
        • click arrow to see a diagram
          • examples of theses are ethane and propane and butane
            • they are unreactive but burn well
      • examples of theses are ethane and propane and butane
        • they are unreactive but burn well
      • Testing for alkanes and alkenes
        • Alkenes (unsaturated hydrocarbon)
          • similar to alkanes but the carbons have a double covalent bond and there for less hydrogen's
          • examples of these are ,ethene,  propene and butene
            • click arrow for a diagram
              • similar to alkanes but the carbons have a double covalent bond and there for less hydrogen's
        • the addition of bromine water
          • bromine water is a clear orange (iron brew)
          • when and alkene is added to the bromine water it will become colourless
          • when an alkane is added the bromine water will stay a clear ornage
    • Alkenes (unsaturated hydrocarbon)
      • examples of these are ,ethene,  propene and butene
        • click arrow for a diagram
      • cracking
        • the breaking down of long chain hydrocarbons into more useful short chain molecules
          • this can help meet demands
        • the moelcoles are cracked by being heated up until vaporised.
          • this is thermal decomposition
          • to make this process fater aluminium oxide is heated up and used as a catalyst
          • click arrow to see a diagram of the experiment
            • the breaking down of long chain hydrocarbons into more useful short chain molecules
              • this can help meet demands
        • click arrow to see a diagram of the experiment
        • Polymers
          • long chain hydrocarbons are sometimes polymers made up of monomers
            • monomers are short chain unsaturated hydrocarbon molecules
          • addition polymerisation is when alkenes join together without producing another substance
            • after they have polymerised the polymer is saturated
            • formula for addition polymerisation
              • Polymers
                • long chain hydrocarbons are sometimes polymers made up of monomers
                  • monomers are short chain unsaturated hydrocarbon molecules
                • addition polymerisation is when alkenes join together without producing another substance
                  • after they have polymerised the polymer is saturated
                  • formula for addition polymerisation
                  • uses of of poymers
                    • poly(propene) PP  has a good chemical resistance and is flexible
                      • chairs,      stationary,  ropes, crates, bottles, clothing
                    • poly(chlorehrene) PVC  good impact resistance and can be rigid or flexible
                      • flooring,double glazed window frames,   pipes,  clothing,  cable covering,   electrical components
                    • PTFE     water resistant flexible and non -stick
                      • non-stick cookware coating,    lubricant sprays, waterproof coating
                    • Poly(ethene) PE  has a good chemical resistance and is flexible
                      • food covering,bins, water pipes, bags, bottles,  food trays
                  • disposal of polymers
                    • burning
                      • this causes air pollution and some shouldn't be burnt because they release toxic fumes
                    • landfill
                      • waste builds up as they aren't biodegradable so will not decompose
                    • recycling
                      • some polymers can be made into another orm really easily which will reduce the demand to make new ones
            • uses of of poymers
              • poly(propene) PP  has a good chemical resistance and is flexible
                • chairs,      stationary,  ropes, crates, bottles, clothing
              • poly(chlorehrene) PVC  good impact resistance and can be rigid or flexible
                • flooring,double glazed window frames,   pipes,  clothing,  cable covering,   electrical components
              • PTFE     water resistant flexible and non -stick
                • non-stick cookware coating,    lubricant sprays, waterproof coating
              • Poly(ethene) PE  has a good chemical resistance and is flexible
                • food covering,bins, water pipes, bags, bottles,  food trays
            • disposal of polymers
              • burning
                • this causes air pollution and some shouldn't be burnt because they release toxic fumes
              • landfill
                • waste builds up as they aren't biodegradable so will not decompose
              • recycling
                • some polymers can be made into another orm really easily which will reduce the demand to make new ones
        • has a link to an image or diagram
        • cracking
        • test for alkanes and alkenes
          • alkanes
          • alkenes
        • polymers
          • disposal
          • uses
        • Key

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