Hungary

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  • Hungary
    • Cominform imposed an oppressive regime on Hungary
      • Hungarian land was redistributed to other Eastern European countries.
      • Hungarian coal, oil and wheat were shipped to Russia.
        • Hungarian citizens were deprived of food.
      • Non-communist political parties were abolished.
      • Russian officials controlled the government and army.
      • Began a reign of terror, executing popular political leaders and their supporters.
      • Rakosi was appointed as Hungary's dictator.
        • Rakosi was not liked but the Hungary people and was known as 'the bald butcher'.
          • He got rid of his opposition one by one and imprisoned 387000 and responsible for 2000 deaths.
    • Nagy
      • 1919 Nagy joined the communist uprising in Hungary, but was defeated.
        • He moved to Hungary and other countries but came back in 1929 to USSR to study agriculture.
          • Nagy returned to Hungary in 1944 and became involved in politics.  In 1945 he was made minister of Agriculture.
            • He was excluded from the communist party in 1949 but was allowed back in after he made a public announcement of his support for USSR.
      • He became prime minister, replacing Rakosi.
        • 1955 Nagy was thrown out of the communist party for his opposition to Rakosi's tactics.
      • Nagy's reform
        • Nagy was popular with the Hungarian people.
        • Hungary to leave the warsaw pact.
        • Holding free elections.
        • wanted support from the west.
          • Asked UN to recognice them as a neutral country.
          • USA provided aid and military help but stopped short of military help because it's biggest priority was preventing a nuclear war with USSR.
    • Khrushchev
      • Believed Nagy's reforms were unacceptable.
        • If Hungary was allowed to leave the warsaw pact then other European countries would want to aswell.
      • 4th November 1956, 200000 soviet troops and 1000 tanks entered Hungary. They fought against Nagy's government.
        • 2,500 people were killed, 20,000 were wounded, 200,000 fled to the west.
      • Nagy sought protection from the Yugoslavian embassy who agreed with Khrushchev that Nagy was free to leave
        • Once Nagy left the embassy, soviet troops arrested him, accused him on treason and was hanged in June 1958.
      • Following the soviet invasion, Krushchev appointed Kadar as the new Hungarian leader.
        • Kadar published his 15 point programme including;
          • re-establishing communist control of Hungary
          • using Hungarian troops to stop attacks on soviet forces.
          • remaining in the warsaw pact.
          • negotiating the withdrawal of soviet troops once the crisis was over.
    • America
      • Following Nagy's execution, America offered food and medical aid worth $20million to Hungary and allowed 80,000 Hungarian refugees to move to the USA.

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