Humanistic approach
- Created by: IrishEllie98
- Created on: 07-04-15 14:42
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- Humanistic Approach
- Basic Assumptions
- Humans should be viewed as a whole and not reduced to component parts
- Humans are active agents
- Humans strive towards achieving self-actualisation
- The real self and ideal self must be congruent to be psychologically healthy
- PCT-PERSON CENTRED THERAPY
- Carl Rogers
- Important aspect of therapy was to focus on the clients immediate situation rather than their past.
- The client could be brought to a state of realisation in which they can help themselves
- (and the use therapy as a way to achieve a more ideal sense of self rather than remaining an irrational world
- by having a personal relationship with the client
- Non-directive, talking therapy
- the therapist encourages the client to express their inner feelings and perceptions
- therapist acts as a mirror-reflecting back what the client has said in order for the client to achieve personal growth
- Carl Rogers
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs
- portrayed as a pyramid consisting of 5 levels
- Four lower levels of the hierarchy are referred to as deficiency levels
- esteem, love/belongingness, safety and psychological needs
- the top level is referred to as a growth need
- self-actualisation
- Only when all deficiency needs are met can the individual work towards achieving self actualisation
- Impacts and applications
- Work - allowing employers to match people to the right job depending on qualifications and satisfaction
- Evaluation
- Weaknesses
- Theories are hard to falsify
- lack predictive power and therefore unscientific
- Lack empirical support as it rejects scientific methods
- Over-emphasise a persons ability to change and develop
- Individual emotions and consciousness is difficult to study objectively
- Theories are hard to falsify
- Strength
- View person as an active agent unlike behaviourism
- promote idea of personal responsibilty
- subjective experience of a person is of value and importance
- PCT is used by psychologists and counsellors in therapy today
- Weaknesses
- Basic Assumptions
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