GEOGRAPHY - CLIMATE CHANGE, how we know climate has changed

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  • How do we know climate has changed?
    • Ice cores
      • Drilling and taking out large sheets of ice from ares like Antarctica
        • Measuring levels of CO2 within the bubble in the sheets of ice
          • By measuring the CO2 geologists can find out what the atmosphere was like 20,000 years ago
        • To give a better understanding of how climate has changed over time and will continue to change
        • Most effective method
    • Sea Ice Maximums
      • Looking at rock types under the sea
      • Some rocks dropped by ice sheets can tell us about the climates in the past and how the earth has evolved
      • Areas like Antarctica can give is the most reliable information
    • Paintings and diaries
      • Some painting or diaries that have content f animals or weather can give an implication if what the climate was like
        • for example a painting of the frozen Thames
      • However this is the least reliable source
    • Different time periods
      • The Quarternary period started 2.6 million years ago and is the time since earth's most recent ice age
      • The Holocene is a relatively warmer phase that we are in now
        • The invention of farming and civilisation has happened during the Holocene
      • The Pleistocene was a cold period of time

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