How did Hitler relaunch the Nazi Party?

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  • How did Hitler relaunch the Nazi Party?
    • Mein Kampf
      • What it was
        • Hitlers autobiographical novel, published 18 July 1925.
        • The work describes the process by which Hitler became antisemitic and outlines his political ideology and future plans for Germany.
          • Speaks of own experiences in Vienna, and that he had never met a jew before. He was originally liberal towards them.
          • Hitler announces his hatred of what he believed to be the world's two evils: Communisman Judaism.
      • Why it would help gain support for the Nazi's
        • It outlined the core Nazi beliefs and established the hatred towards Judaism.
        • It established Hitler's background and it made him a transparent leader: his followers knew him as  a person through the book.
    • Party re-organisation
      • The impact of Hitler's release from prison
        • Mentally, it allowed Hitler to understand that the government did not view his movement as a serious threat.
          • Consequentially, this provoked Hitler to bide his time and also change his method of gaining control from Militaristic action - e.g. Munich Putsch - to diplomatically and legally, by being voted in.
            • This understanding made Hitler a better leader for Germany in the long term; he re-organised the party to have a power structure in accordance to what is needed to rule a country,
      • Nazi Party Headquarters
        • Nicknamed "The Brown House", was a Munich Mansion in Bavaria.
          • It was a large stone structure.
          • It was destroyed by ally bombers in October 1943
          • It was mainly an office installation; high ranking members of the Nazi party, such as Goebbels, had offices in "The Brown House".
      • How Hitler paid for this reorganisation
        • Hitler improved party finances mainly by befriending Germany's most wealthy businessmen
          • They shared his hatred of Communism and hoped Hitler would limit the power of trade unions.
          • The Nazis were receiving donations from giants of German industry such as Krupp and Bosch.
      • Why this reorganization would help gain support for the Nazis
        • By having a centralised power and a recognisable Headquarters, the re-organisation enabled Hitler to form the basis of a government in a building of his choice. It also allowed Nazi meetings to take place exclusively for high ranking members in the leisure of a place they are comfortable with, further cementing their comfort with their positions.
    • The Schutzstaffel
      • What it was
        • They were a military organization under Hitler in Nazi Germany, and later throughout German-occupied Europe during World War II.
        • They were seen as authentically German, representative of the Aryan superman
      • Why it would help gain support for the Nazis
        • assured all resistance could be addressed
        • Consolidating power
          • Example: Munich Putsch
        • If they ever needed to conquer anywhere after they took control - looking at you, Poland - they would already have a military at their disposal.
          • By 1930, Hitler expanded the SA to 400,000 members.
    • The Bamberg Conference of 1926
      • What is was
        • Included ~60 members of the Nazi party on February 14th, 1926.
          • Key member who attended was Gregor Stresser; after being swayed by Hitler's speech, he remained a loyal servant for years afterwards.
            • This affect was also shown on the other notable member of the party, Goebbels. He was so close to Hitler he even succeed him to become the chancellor of Germany on May 1st 1945, the day after Hitler committed suicide.
              • Unfortunately for him, his term only lasted a day; he committed suicide after his wife had committed herself
                • The saddest part of the story is that her wife only committed suicide after poising all SIX of their kids with cyanide.
      • Key outcomes of the Conference
        • Established the Twenty-Five Point Programme as constituting the party's "immutable" programme.
        • Eradicated tension between the north and southern factions of the party over ideology and goals.
        • Eliminated any notion that the party was a democratic or consensus-based party
          • This means that the party was not going to be like the Weimar Republic, using proportional representation - it would have one leader, and Hitler intended that to be himself.
        • Established without controversy his position as the sole, absolute and unquestioned ultimate authority within the party, whose decisions are final and non-appealable
          • Hitler once again produced a powerful speech that established him as the sole leader.
            • His fear in prison was that someone would overtake him as leader, so he was as confident as ever that he would remain leader.
      • Why it would help gain support for the Nazis
        • The party was reunified with Hitler strongly as the sole leader, with no question about it.
        • Hitler had created a clear party vision with the 25 immutable rules; their supporters now knew exactly what they were voting for.
    • Winning support
      • The working classes
        • Hitler was able to appeal to the workers through their improving economic situation, through new Nazi labor organisations, and through removing the language of class warfare and replacing it with bonds of shared racial society which crossed classes.
      • The middle classes
        • The Nazis let some smaller businesses fail under Social Darwinism, while those who proved efficient did well, dividing support from the Middle Class.
        • Divided support from Middle Class.
        • Nazi government used the old German bureaucracy and appealed to 'white collar workers' across German society; while they seemed less keen on Hitler’s call for Blood and Soil, they benefited from the improving economy, and bought into the image of a unifying leader bringing Germany together, like the old ways.
          • Basically it was an economical boost, and they also mainly disliked Communism. They also bought into Jews being at fault.
      • Wall Street Crash; 1929
        • Background info: In 1929, the American Stock Exchange collapsed, and caused an economic depression. America recalled all its foreign loans, which destroyed Weimar Germany. Unemployment in Germany rose to 6 million.
          • Plans that helped Weimar Germany pay off the war debt from the treaty of Versailles, such as the Dawes Plan, were such loans that were recalled.
        • Anger and bitterness helped the Nazis to gain more support. Many workers turned to communism, but this frightened wealthy businessmen, so they financed Hitler's campaigns. Many middle-class people, alarmed by the obvious failure of democracy, decided that the country needed a strong government. Nationalists and racists blamed the Treaty of Versailles and reparations.

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